The socialization of perceived discrimination in ethnic minority groups.
The socialization of perceived discrimination in ethnic minority groups.
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DOI：
10.1037/pspi0000426
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发表时间：
2023-09
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Sengupta, Nikhil Kumar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bracegirdle, Chloe;Reimer, Nils Karl;Osborne, Danny;Sibley, Chris G;Wolfer, Ralf;Sengupta, Nikhil Kumar
与自己群体（内群体）和其他群体（外群体）成员的接触塑造了个人对世界的看法，包括对自己的内群体的歧视的看法。迄今为止的研究表明，在弱势群体成员中，与外部群体接触与较少的歧视感觉有关，而与内部弱势群体接触与较多的歧视感觉有关。然而，过去的研究认为内群和外群接触是孤立的，忽略了可以解释这些关联的各种过程。我们解决了这些问题，通过研究是否disdispersed-group成员的歧视的看法是由多少接触，他们与内组和外组成员（接触效应）或由那些内组和外组成员的歧视的看法（社会化效应），同时控制他们的倾向，附属于类似的其他（选择效应）。三项研究（总N = 5，866少数民族群体成员）评估了参与者的积极接触，友谊和感知歧视，并应用纵向和社会网络分析来分离并同时测试接触，社会化和选择过程。与以前的研究相反，我们没有发现任何证据表明，与非主流群体成员的接触先于感知到的歧视。相反，我们发现，与弱势群体成员的友谊纵向预测通过社会化的过程中，弱势群体成员的歧视的看法变得更加相似，他们的圈内朋友的歧视的看法随着时间的推移。我们的结论是，歧视的看法应部分理解为一个共同的现实社会化的信念。
Contact with members of one’s own group (ingroup) and other groups (outgroups) shapes individuals’ beliefs about the world, including perceptions of discrimination against one’s ingroup. Research to date indicates that, among members of disadvantaged groups, contact with an advantaged outgroup is associated with less perceived discrimination, while contact with the disadvantaged ingroup is associated with more perceived discrimination. Past studies, however, considered ingroup and outgroup contact in isolation and overlooked the various processes that could explain these associations. We addressed these issues by examining whether disadvantaged-group members’ perceptions of discrimination are shaped by how much contact they have with ingroup and outgroup members (contact effects) or by those ingroup and outgroup members’ perceptions of discrimination (socialization effects) while controlling for their tendency to affiliate with similar others (selection effects). Three studies (total N = 5,866 ethnic minority group members) assessed participants’ positive contact, friendships, and perceived discrimination and applied longitudinal and social network analyses to separate and simultaneously test contact, socialization, and selection processes. In contrast to previous studies, we found no evidence that contact with members of the advantaged outgroup precedes perceived discrimination. Instead, we found that friendships with members of the disadvantaged ingroup longitudinally predict perceived discrimination through the process of socialization—disadvantaged-group members’ perceptions of discrimination became more similar to their ingroup friends’ perceptions of discrimination over time. We conclude that perceptions of discrimination should be partly understood as a socialized belief about a shared reality.