Quality and safety assessment of ginseng extracts by determination of the contents of pesticides and metals
Quality and safety assessment of ginseng extracts by determination of the contents of pesticides and metals
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/02652030500199439
复制
发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Perrin, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durgnat, JM;Heuser, J;Perrin, C
人参提取物可作为改善能量和活力的成分，并可用于功能性食品和调味成分。对人参提取物中农药和有毒金属的含量进行了测定。从20个供应商的47个样品，包括人参和人参C。A. Meyer（亚洲人参）和P. quinquefolius（西洋参）物种的砷含量和以下金属：铝、钼、铬、铜、镁、锌、镉、汞和铅，同时对来自17个供应商的30个样品进行了农药残留分析。结果表明，24个样品（80%）含有超过检测限的农药，13个样品（43%）不符合植物提取物中总五氯硝基苯、六氯苯、总六氯环己烷、林丹、总七氯、e-毒死蜱和灭菌丹的最大残留限量。在所有受污染的样本中均发现了五氯硝基苯、六氯苯、六氯环己烷和硫丹的总量，其中11个样本的含量超过了最大残留限量，分别为最大残留限量的55倍和30倍。镉（< 0.05-259 μ g kg（-1））、汞（< 0.3-72 μ g kg（-1））、铅（3-2710 μ g kg（-1））和砷（< 0.3-918 μ g kg（-1））在大多数样品中的浓度均低于对调味物质规定的最高残留限量。在其他元素中，铝（0.3-1068 mg kg（-1））是最丰富的。
Ginseng extracts are available as ingredients for improving energy and vitality and can be used in functional foods and as flavouring ingredients. A survey was been performed to determine the content of pesticides and toxic metals in ginseng extracts. Forty-seven samples from 20 suppliers, including both Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer ( Asian ginseng) and P. quinquefolius ( American ginseng) species, were analysed for arsenic content and for the following metals: aluminium, molybdenum, chromium, copper, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, mercury and lead, while pesticide residues were analysed in 30 samples from 17 suppliers. The results showed that 24 samples (80%) contained pesticides above the detection limit and 13 samples (43%) did not comply with the maximum residue limits (MRL) for total quintozene, hexachlorobenzene, total hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane, total heptachlor, e-chlorpyrifos and folpet, imposed for botanical extracts. Total quintozene, hexachlorobenzene, total hexachlorocyclohexane and lindane were present in all contaminated samples and exceeded the MRL in eleven samples, with levels up to 55 and 30 times their respective MRL. Cadmium (< 0.05-259 mu g kg(-1)), mercury (< 0.3-72 mu g kg(-1)), lead (3-2710 mu g kg(-1)) and arsenic (< 0.3-918 mu g kg(-1)) were present in most samples at concentrations lower than the MRL imposed for flavouring substances. Among the other elements, aluminium (0.3-1068 mg kg(-1)) was the most abundant.