Racial and ethnic disparities in health care for adolescents - A systematic review of the literature
Racial and ethnic disparities in health care for adolescents - A systematic review of the literature
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DOI：
10.1001/archpedi.157.9.867
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fleming, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elster, A;Jarosik, J;Fleming, M
目的：确定在初级保健、精神卫生保健、生殖卫生保健和哮喘护理方面的种族和民族差异的程度，这些差异与青少年的社会经济地位（SES）无关。数据来源：使用标准书目数据库对科学文献进行系统回顾。入选标准为（1）过去12年内发表的研究，（2）分析包括17岁及以下的儿童和青少年，以及（3）按种族/民族群体分析的数据，同时考虑SES。共审查了203项研究，其中31项符合纳入标准：65项初级保健研究中有14项，61项精神卫生保健研究中有11项，50项生殖健康研究中有2项，27项哮喘服务研究中有4项。数据提取：从选定的研究中的表格中的数据被用来确定少数民族儿童和青少年是否接受更少，更多，或考虑到社会经济地位后与白色儿童和青少年获得相同的医疗保健服务。数据综合：在8项研究中，黑人青少年获得的初级保健服务较少，而在4项研究中没有发现差异。在6项研究中，西班牙裔青年接受的初级保健服务较少，而在5项研究中没有发现差异。一项研究不包括西班牙裔受试者。在两项研究中，少数民族青年，合并成一个单一的类别，得到的服务比白色青年少。在总共6项研究中，黑人青年获得的心理健康服务较少，而在3项研究中没有发现差异，在1项研究中，黑人青年获得的服务较多。在3项研究中，西班牙裔青年接受的心理健康服务较少，在3项研究中没有组间差异。在一项研究中，将种族和民族群体合并为一个类别，少数民族儿童和青年接受的心理健康服务少于白色受试者。3项研究未纳入西班牙裔受试者。生殖和哮喘护理的研究太少，得出conclusions.Conclusions：这些结果表明，种族和民族的差异，独立的SES，存在于选定的青少年卫生保健领域。需要更多的研究来更好地了解这些发现的程度和原因。
Objective: To identify the extent of racial and ethnic disparities in primary care, mental health care, reproductive health care, and asthma care for adolescents independent of socioeconomic status (SES).Data Sources: Systematic review of the scientific literature using standard bibliographic databases.Study Selection: Inclusion criteria were (1) studies published in the past 12 years, (2) analyses included children and adolescents aged 17 years and younger, and (3) data analyzed by racial/ethnic groups while accounting for SES. A total of 203 studies were reviewed, of which 31 met the criteria for inclusion: 14 of 65 studies on primary care, 11 of 61 studies on mental health care, 2 of 50 studies on reproductive health, and 4 of 27 studies on asthma services.Data Extraction: Data from tables in the selected studies were used to determine whether minority children and adolescents received fewer, greater, or the same health care services as white children and youth after taking into account SES.Data Synthesis: Black youth received fewer primary care services in 8 studies, whereas in 4 studies no disparity was noted. Hispanic youth received fewer primary care services in 6 studies, whereas no disparity was noted in 5. One study did not include Hispanic subjects. In 2 studies minority youth, combined into a single category, received fewer services than did white youth. in a total of 6 studies black youth received fewer mental health services, whereas in 3 studies no disparity was noted and in 1 study black youth received a greater number of services. In 3 studies Hispanic youth received fewer mental health services, and in 3 studies there were no group differences. In 1 study, with racial and ethnic groups combined in a single category, minority children and youth received fewer mental health services than white subjects. Three studies did not include Hispanic subjects. Too few studies of reproductive and asthma care were available to draw conclusions.Conclusions: These results suggest that racial and ethnic disparities, independent of SES, exist in selected areas of adolescent health care. More studies are needed to better understand the extent and causes of these findings.