The effect of cognitive load in emotional attention and trait anxiety: An eye movement study
The effect of cognitive load in emotional attention and trait anxiety: An eye movement study
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DOI：
10.1080/20445911.2011.618450
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Derakshan, Nazanin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berggren, Nick;Koster, Ernst H. W.;Derakshan, Nazanin
关于情绪信息的注意加工的自动性存在广泛的争论。自动性的一个核心特征是处理情绪独立于可能影响注意力的因素，如认知负荷。在本研究中，我们使用视觉搜索范式研究了情绪性面部表情的加工是否依赖于认知负荷。手反应和眼球运动都被记录下来。尽管两种测试都显示情绪信息比中性信息更能吸引注意力，但手动反应表明，只有在“弹出”情绪条件下，负载才会减慢反应时间；全情绪化的表现没有增加。这表明情绪的显著性降低了，但眼动数据显示，这种影响是由全情绪表现在目标处理效率上的提高引起的。此外，特质焦虑不影响威胁加工，但在负荷下观察到的成本在非焦虑受试者中不存在。我们的研究结果表明，虽然负荷会干扰任务表现，但它可能不会影响情绪处理。我们的研究结果强调了眼动测量在解释手动反应数据差异方面的重要性，并为焦虑理论提供了新的支持。
There is extensive debate on the automaticity of attentional processing of emotional information. One core feature of automaticity is the independence of processing emotion from factors that can affect attention such as cognitive load. In the present study we investigated whether processing of emotional facial expressions was dependent on cognitive load using a visual search paradigm. Manual responses as well as eye movements were recorded. Although both measures showed that emotional information captured attention more strongly than neutral information, manual responses indicated that load slowed reaction times only for "pop-out" emotion conditions; no increase was seen for all-emotional displays. This suggests that the saliency of emotion was reduced, but eye movement data showed that effects were caused by improvements for all-emotional displays in target processing efficiency. Additionally, trait anxiety did not influence threat processing, but costs were observed under load that were not present for nonanxious subjects. Our results suggest that while load can interfere with task performance, it may not affect emotion processing. Our findings highlight the importance of eye movement measures in accounting for differences in manual response data and provide novel support to theories of anxiety.