Development of Neural Sensitivity to Face Identity Correlates with Perceptual Discriminability.
Development of Neural Sensitivity to Face Identity Correlates with Perceptual Discriminability.
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DOI：
10.1167/17.10.23
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发表时间：
2017-09
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Vaidehi S. Natu;Michael A. Barnett;J. Hartley;Jesse Gomez;Anthony Stigliani;K. Grill-Spector
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文献类型：
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作者：
Vaidehi S. Natu;Michael A. Barnett;J. Hartley;Jesse Gomez;Anthony Stigliani;K. Grill-Spector
面孔知觉是由一系列面孔选择区域在人类腹侧流，经历长期的发展，从童年到成年。然而，目前还不清楚这些区域的神经发育如何与面部感知能力的发展有关。在这里，我们使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来测量儿童（年龄，5-12岁）和成人（年龄，19-34岁）的腹侧枕颞区的大脑反应，当他们看到参数不同的面孔时。由于功能磁共振成像适应相似的面孔产生较低的反应比不同的面孔，这个设计客观地评估神经敏感性，面对身份的发展。此外，一组受试者参与了行为实验，以评估面部身份的感知辨别力。我们的数据揭示了三个主要的发现：（1）面孔选择性区域的面孔识别神经敏感性随年龄的增长而增加，而不是对象选择性区域;（2）面孔选择性区域和对象选择性区域的面孔识别反应幅度随年龄的增长而增加;（3）面孔识别的知觉辨别性与面孔选择性区域的面孔识别神经敏感性相关。与此相反，知觉的可辨别性是不相关的反应幅度在面对选择性区域或对象选择性区域的反应。这些数据表明，发展中国家的脸选择性区域的脸身份的神经敏感性的增加，提高知觉的面孔辨别能力。我们的研究结果大大推进了对面部知觉发展的神经机制的理解，并为使用fMRI适应更广泛地研究高级视觉和认知功能的神经发展开辟了新的途径。重要性陈述面孔感知对日常社会交往至关重要，从童年到成年都在发展。然而，目前还不清楚大脑中的哪些发育变化会导致性能提高。通过对儿童和成人进行功能磁共振成像，我们发现从儿童到成年，面孔选择区域对面孔身份变化的神经敏感性增加。重要的是，受试者对面孔的知觉辨别力与神经敏感性有关：在面孔选择区域具有较高神经敏感性的受试者表现出较高的知觉辨别力。因此，我们的研究结果表明，面孔选择区域对面孔身份的敏感性的发展性增加提高了面孔的知觉辨别。这些研究结果显着推进了解的神经机制的发展面临的知觉和评估典型和非典型的发展具有重要意义。
Face perception is subserved by a series of face-selective regions in the human ventral stream, which undergo prolonged development from childhood to adulthood. However, it is unknown how neural development of these regions relates to the development of face-perception abilities. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain responses of ventral occipitotemporal regions in children (ages, 5-12 years) and adults (ages, 19-34 years) when they viewed faces that parametrically varied in dissimilarity. Since similar faces generate lower responses than dissimilar faces due to fMRI adaptation, this design objectively evaluates neural sensitivity to face identity across development. Additionally, a subset of subjects participated in a behavioral experiment to assess perceptual discriminability of face identity. Our data reveal three main findings: (1) neural sensitivity to face identity increases with age in face-selective but not object-selective regions; (2) the amplitude of responses to faces increases with age in both face-selective and object-selective regions; and (3) perceptual discriminability of face identity is correlated with the neural sensitivity to face identity of face-selective regions. In contrast, perceptual discriminability is not correlated with the amplitude of response in face-selective regions or of responses of object-selective regions. These data suggest that developmental increases in neural sensitivity to face identity in face-selective regions improve perceptual discriminability of faces. Our findings significantly advance the understanding of the neural mechanisms of development of face perception and open new avenues for using fMRI adaptation to study the neural development of high-level visual and cognitive functions more broadly. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Face perception, which is critical for daily social interactions, develops from childhood to adulthood. However, it is unknown what developmental changes in the brain lead to improved performance. Using fMRI in children and adults, we find that from childhood to adulthood, neural sensitivity to changes in face identity increases in face-selective regions. Critically, subjects' perceptual discriminability among faces is linked to neural sensitivity: participants with higher neural sensitivity in face-selective regions demonstrate higher perceptual discriminability. Thus, our results suggest that developmental increases in face-selective regions' sensitivity to face identity improve perceptual discrimination of faces. These findings significantly advance understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the development of face perception and have important implications for assessing both typical and atypical development.