Relations between aging sensory/sensorimotor and cognitive functions
Relations between aging sensory/sensorimotor and cognitive functions
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DOI：
10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00073-8
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Lindenberger, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, KZH;Lindenberger, U
对最近的证据进行综述，以检验感觉、感觉运动和认知老化之间的关系。年龄不同的横断面数据集显示，感觉、感觉运动和智力能力之间存在显著的协变性，从成年期到老年和高龄，协变性增加。最近的纵向分析表明，感觉和智力功能的变化是相互关联的。实验研究通过考察模拟感觉丧失对认知表现的影响，或认知负荷操作对感觉或运动表现的影响，来考察认知和感觉/感觉运动老化之间的相互依赖关系。一般来说，这两种类型的操纵对老年人表现的阻碍比年轻人更大。理论上，从相关和实验上观察到的感觉、感觉运动和认知功能之间的联系随着年龄的增长而加强，可能指向(A)影响所有这三个功能的共同原因；(B)资源重叠、跨领域资源竞争和补偿性权衡的增加；以及(C)两者的组合。未来旨在辨别这些可能性的相对重要性的研究将受益于实验和相关研究策略的整合。(C)2002爱思唯尔科学有限公司。保留所有权利。
Recent evidence is reviewed to examine relations among sensory, sensorimotor, and cognitive aging. Age-heterogeneous cross-sectional data sets show substantial covariation among sensory, sensorimotor and intellectual abilities, and an increase in covariation from adulthood to old and very old age. Recent longitudinal analyses suggest that changes in sensory and intellectual functioning are interrelated. Experimental studies investigate the interdependence between cognitive and sensory/sensorimotor aging by examining the effects of simulated sensory loss on cognitive performance, or the effects of cognitive load manipulations on sensory or motor performance. Generally, both types of manipulations hinder older adults' performance more than that of younger adults. Theoretically, the age-associated intensification of the links among sensory, sensorimotor and cognitive functions observed both correlationally and experimentally may point to (a) common causes influencing all three functions; (b) an increase in resource overlap, cross-domain resource competition, and compensatory tradeoffs; and (c) a combination of the two. Future research aiming at discerning the relative import of these possibilities would profit from an integration of experimental and correlational research strategies. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.