Kinaesthetic role of muscle afferents in man, studied by tendon vibration and microneurography
Kinaesthetic role of muscle afferents in man, studied by tendon vibration and microneurography
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00239377
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Dr. J. P. Roll;J. Vedel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dr. J. P. Roll;J. Vedel
研究了健康人体振动引起的关节错觉运动的特点。实验对象看不见的是，对肱三头肌或肱二头肌的远端肌腱施加恒定频率的振动训练，引起肘关节几乎恒定速度的虚幻运动，其方向与关节旋转拉伸振动肌肉的方向相对应。同样持续时间和频率的振动序列交替应用于肱二头肌和肱三头肌引起交替的屈伸错觉运动。在连续施加频率为10至120赫兹的振动序列期间，感知到的错觉运动速度从10至70-80赫兹逐渐增加，然后从80至120赫兹逐渐下降。肱二头肌和肱三头肌交替振动时的最大感知速度比单一肌肉刺激时高3倍。利用微神经摄影技术记录了胫骨前肌和指长伸肌的15个肌纺锤体主要末梢和5个次要末梢的单位活动，以研究它们对肌腱振动和踝关节被动和主动运动的反应。初级末梢均由低振幅肌腱振动（0.2-0.5 mm）激活，以前用于诱导肘关节的虚幻运动。其中一些放电在振动周期高达120 Hz时锁相，而另一些放电在振动周期高达30-50 Hz时一对一响应，然后在更高频率下以次谐波方式放电。次级末端对低振幅肌腱振动的敏感性较低。比较踝关节坡道和sinusoïdal运动的主要和次要结束反应。在运动过程中，初级末端放电频率基本不变，而次级末端活动逐渐增加。在踝关节运动中，初级结束放电主要与运动速度有关，而一些次级活动似乎与运动速度和关节角度位置都有关。主动和被动踝关节运动拉伸受体承载肌（足底屈曲）时，肌纺锤体感觉结束反应在质量和数量上相似。在被动的反向运动（背屈）中，当肌肉缩短时，大多数感觉末梢停止放电。主动肌短缩（等张收缩）对肌纺锤体感觉末梢放电的调节不同，在主动踝关节背屈时，感觉末梢放电可完全停止、减少或有时增加。在等长收缩时，大部分肌梭感觉末梢被激活。振动引起的错觉运动的特征以及肌肉纺锤体对肌腱振动和主动和被动关节运动的反应，加强了初级末梢对动觉的贡献的可能性，正如之前的一些研究所表明的那样。此外，目前的结果使我们认为，在关节运动期间拉伸肌肉的本体感觉在这种感知中起主要作用，但不是唯一的作用。
The characteristics of vibration-induced illusory joint movements were studied in healthy human subjects. Unseen by the subject, constant frequency vibration trains applied to the distal tendon of the Triceps or Biceps induced an almost constant velocity illusory movement of the elbow whose direction corresponded to that of a joint rotation stretching the vibrated muscle. Vibration trains of the same duration and frequency applied alternatively to the Biceps and Triceps evoked alternating flexion-extension illusory movements.During successive application of vibration trains at frequencies from 10 to 120 Hz, the perceived velocity of the illusory movements increased progressively from 10 to 70–80 Hz, then decreased from 80 to 120 Hz. The maximal perceived velocity was three times higher during alternating vibration of the Biceps and Triceps than during single muscle stimulation.Unit activity from 15 muscle spindle primary endings and five secondary endings located in Tibialis anterior and Extensor digitorum longus muscles were recorded using microneurography in order to study their responses to tendon vibration and passive and active movements of the ankle.Primary endings were all activated by low amplitude tendon vibration (0.2–0.5 mm) previously used to induce illusory movements of the elbow. The discharge of some was phase-locked with the vibration cycle up to 120 Hz, while others responded one-to-one to the vibration cycle up to 30–50 Hz, then fired in a sub-harmonic manner at higher frequencies. Secondary endings were much less sensitive to low amplitude tendon vibration.Primary and secondary ending responses to ramp and sinusoïdal movements of the ankle joint were compared. During the movement, the primary ending discharge frequency was almost constant, while the secondary ending activity progressively increased. During ankle movements the primary ending discharge appeared mainly related to velocity, while some secondary activities seemed related to both movement velocity and joint angle position.Muscle spindle sensory ending responses to active and passive ankle movements stretching the receptor-bearing muscle (plantar flexion) were qualitatively and quantitatively similar. During passive reverse movements (dorsiflexion) most of the sensory endings stopped firing when their muscle shortened. Active muscle shortening (isotonic contraction) modulated differently the muscle spindle sensory ending discharge, which could stop completely, decrease or some times increase during active ankle dorsiflexion. During isometric contraction most of the muscle spindle sensory endings were activated.The characteristics of the vibration-induced illusory movements and the muscle spindle responses to tendon vibration and to active and passive joint movements strengthened the possibility of the contribution of primary endings to kinaesthesia, as suggested by several previous works. Moreover, the present results led us to attribute to proprioception in the muscle stretched during joint movement a predominant, but not exclusive, role in this kind of perception.