A new perspective on membrane-embedded Bax oligomers using DEER and bioresistant orthogonal spin labels

A new perspective on membrane-embedded Bax oligomers using DEER and bioresistant orthogonal spin labels
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使用 DEER 和生物抗性正交自旋标签对膜嵌入 Bax 寡聚物的新视角

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-019-49370-z
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Bordignon
Bordignon
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Teucher;Winklhofer;García-Sáez;Bleicken;Bordignon

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Bax 是一种对细胞凋亡启动和执行至关重要的 Bcl-2 蛋白,其活性构象目前尚不完全清楚。偶极 EPR 光谱已被证明是确定膜嵌入 Bcl-2 蛋白粗粒度模型的宝贵工具。在这里,我们展示了如何将光谱上可区分的硝基氧和钆自旋标记与双电子共振相结合,有助于获得对活性膜嵌入 Bax 低聚物的四级结构的新见解。我们表明,附加比传统 MTSL 更大的标签可能会影响 Bax 折叠和活性,具体取决于蛋白质/标签组合。然而,我们确定了一对合适的光谱可区分标签,这使得可以研究以前无法解开的低聚物中的复杂距离网络。此外,我们还比较了大肠杆菌和 HeLa 细胞提取物中不同自旋标记蛋白变体的稳定性。我们发现,gem-二乙基硝基氧标记的 Bax 变体在 HeLa 细胞提取物中相当稳定。然而,当转移到人类细胞中时,发现 Bax 定位错误,从而阻止了其在生理环境中的表征。在膜嵌入的 Bax 寡聚物上成功使用光谱可区分的标签,为通过 EPR 确定膜嵌入的同源或异源寡聚 Bcl-2 蛋白的结构开辟了一条令人兴奋的新途径。
Bax is a Bcl-2 protein crucial for apoptosis initiation and execution, whose active conformation is only partially understood. Dipolar EPR spectroscopy has proven to be a valuable tool to determine coarse-grained models of membrane-embedded Bcl-2 proteins. Here we show how the combination of spectroscopically distinguishable nitroxide and gadolinium spin labels and Double Electron-Electron Resonance can help to gain new insights into the quaternary structure of active, membrane-embedded Bax oligomers. We show that attaching labels bulkier than the conventional MTSL may affect Bax fold and activity, depending on the protein/label combination. However, we identified a suitable pair of spectroscopically distinguishable labels, which allows to study complex distance networks in the oligomers that could not be disentangled before. Additionally, we compared the stability of the different spin-labeled protein variants inE.coliand HeLa cell extracts. We found that thegem-diethyl nitroxide-labeled Bax variants were reasonably stable in HeLa cell extracts. However, when transferred into human cells, Bax was found to be mislocalized, thus preventing its characterization in a physiological environment. The successful use of spectroscopically distinguishable labels on membrane-embedded Bax-oligomers opens an exciting new path towards structure determination of membrane-embedded homo- or hetero-oligomeric Bcl-2 proteins via EPR.
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