Technical note: Estimation of feed intake while grazing using a wireless system requiring no halter.
Technical note: Estimation of feed intake while grazing using a wireless system requiring no halter.
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.2008-1073
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发表时间：
2009-03
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
K. Umemura;T. Wanaka;T. Ueno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Umemura;T. Wanaka;T. Ueno
一个简单的，紧凑的咬计数器被用来记录奶牛下颌运动。该信息用于估计摄食量。该装置由摆锤、微控制器和连接到项圈的发射器组成。微控制器存储器可以存储超过10分钟的时间间隔，最多可存储3个月，电池寿命超过1年。对5头经产非泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛，通过个人观察测量的叮咬数和计数器报告的值进行了比较。相关性呈线性，R（2）值为0.9，不受反刍的影响，走路的影响很小。项圈系统避免了经常遇到的问题与柜台连接到笼头。使用8头经产泌乳奶牛测试了咬合计数器记录在估计摄入量中的实用性。回归线的斜率与采食量的叮咬次数相关，取决于可用牧草质量的水平（120或190 g站立干物质/m2）。摄食量可以通过对咬口计数与牧草消失的数量进行线性回归来估计。在这两种情况下，回归线的R（2）值均>0.7。虽然计数器记录了头部向下时放牧期间的下颌运动，但它没有记录头部抬起时的反刍或咀嚼，因为计数器/项圈在该位置不接触下颌。咬计数器很容易使用项圈连接到奶牛上，农民和研究人员可以有效地使用。
A simple, compact bite counter was used to record dairy cow jaw movements. This information was used to estimate feed intake. The device is composed of a pendulum, a microcontroller, and a transmitter attached to a collar. The microcontroller memory can store the number of bites over 10-min intervals for up to 3 mo and has a battery life of more than 1 yr. The number of bites measured by personal observation, and the values reported by the counter were compared for 5 multiparous, nonlactating Holstein cows. The correlation was linear with an R(2) value of 0.9, unaffected by rumination, and little affected by walking. The collar system avoided the problems often experienced with counters attached to halters. The utility of the bite counter recordings in estimating intake was tested using 8 multiparous lactating cows. The slopes of the regression lines relating the number of bites to feed intake were dependent on the level of available pasture mass (120 or 190 g standing dry matter/m(2)). The feed intake could be estimated by applying linear regression to the number of bite counts versus pasture disappearance. In both cases the R(2) values of the regression lines were >0.7. Although the counter recorded jaw movements during grazing when the head was down, it did not record rumination or mastication when the head was raised because the counter/collar did not contact the jaw in this position. The bite counters were easy to attach to the cows using the collar and could be used effectively by farmers and researchers.