The emergence of grammar: Systematic structure in a new language
The emergence of grammar: Systematic structure in a new language
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0405448102
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发表时间：
2005-02-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Aronoff, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sandler, W;Meir, I;Aronoff, M
这份报告包含对一种语言的语言描述，这种语言是在一个稳定的现有社区中自发创造的，没有任何明显的外部影响。我们描述了Al-Sayyid贝都因手语的句法结构，这种语言在过去70年里出现在一个与世隔绝的内婚制社区，非综合征、遗传隐性、严重的语前神经感觉性耳聋的发生率很高。在它诞生后的一代时间里，语言中出现了系统的语法结构。超越了动作、物体、人、特征等的常规单词列表，以高度规则的词序的形式出现了一种系统地标记这些元素之间的语法关系的方式。这些系统结构不能归因于其他语言的影响，因为Al-Sayyid Bedouin手语中出现的特定语序不同于社区周围语言和主要在周围地区发现的其他手语中的语序。因此，新出现的语法结构应该被视为语言内部的独立发展。
This report contains a linguistic description of a language created spontaneously without any apparent external influence in a stable existing community. We describe the syntactic structure of Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language, a language that has arisen in the last 70 years in an isolated endogamous community with a high incidence of nonsyndromic, genetically recessive, profound prelingual neurosensory deafness. In the space of one generation from its inception, systematic grammatical structure has emerged in the language. Going beyond a conventionalized list of words for actions, objects, people, characteristics, and so on, a systematic way of marking the grammatical relations among those elements has appeared in the form of highly regular word order. These systematic structures cannot be attributed to influence from other languages, because the particular word orders that appear in Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language differ from those found both in the ambient spoken languages in the community and in the other sign language found predominantly in the surrounding area. Therefore, the emerging grammatical structures should be regarded as an independent development within the language.