Jobs-housing balance and commute efficiency in cities of central and western China:A case study of Xi'an
Jobs-housing balance and commute efficiency in cities of central and western China:A case study of Xi'an
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DOI：
10.11821/dlxb201310002
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jiangping Zhou;Xiaojian Chen;Wei Huang;Pengqiu Yu;Chun Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiangping Zhou;Xiaojian Chen;Wei Huang;Pengqiu Yu;Chun Zhang
在大多数旨在减少对汽车的依赖、增加公共交通的吸引力和/或改善生活质量的城市规划和政策中，就业与住房平衡是一个不可避免的话题，甚至是一个战略。现有的关于就业-住房平衡的研究很少关注发展中城市，特别是中西部城市中国。本文提出了影响工作-住房平衡的六组因素，这些因素显著影响通勤效率。这些因素对处于不同发展阶段的城市的就业-住房平衡产生了不同的影响。需要找出影响发展中城市就业-住房平衡的具体因素，以更好地改善他们的就业-住房平衡，提高通勤效率。改善就业与住房平衡和通勤效率应该有助于发展中城市在吸引和留住有才华的工人方面获得优势，并在交通流动性、生活质量和可持续发展方面提高竞争力。本文以2011年西安市居民出行调查的59967个样本为样本，对西安市通勤效率、职住平衡和通勤过剩状况进行了调查。它还尽可能将西安的相关指标与中国其他城市和国际城市的指标进行比较。研究发现，与已有文献研究的大多数城市相比，西安的实际平均通勤距离较短，通勤效率较高。西安市平均通勤距离与职住比、就业总人数呈负相关。该市的丹威大院仍然有体面的工作-住房平衡和通勤效率，但这种模式正在改变。
Jobs-housing balance is an inevitable topic and even strategy in most urban plans and policies aimed at reducing car dependence, increasing public transportation's attractiveness and/or improving quality of life. Existing studies of jobs-housing balance have rarely focused on developing cities, in particular, those in central and western China. This manuscript proposes that there are six groups of factors affecting jobs-housing balance, which notably influence commute efficiency. Those factors exert different impacts on jobs- housing balance in cities at different development stages. There is need to single out specific factors influencing developing cities' jobs-housing balance so as to better improve their jobs-housing balance and commute efficiency. Improved jobs- housing balance and commute efficiency should help the developing cities gain advantages in terms of attracting and keeping talented workers and increasing their competitiveness in traffic mobility, quality of life and sustainability. Based on 59,967 samples of the 2011 Xi'an City- Wide Household Travel Survey, this paper investigates the commute efficiency, jobs- housing balance and excess commute in Xi'an. It also compares relevant indictors of Xi'an with those in other Chinese and international cities whenever possible. It finds that Xi'an has a shorter actual average commuting distance and higher commute efficiency than most other cities that have been studied in existing literature. Average commuting distance in Xi'an is found to be negatively correlated to jobs-resident ratio and total number of employment. Danwei compounds in the city still have decent jobs- housing balance and commuting efficiency but this pattern is changing.