DWELLING IN THE DEAD ZONE—VERTEBRATE BURROWS IMMEDIATELY SUCCEEDING THE END-PERMIAN EXTINCTION EVENT IN AUSTRALIA
DWELLING IN THE DEAD ZONE—VERTEBRATE BURROWS IMMEDIATELY SUCCEEDING THE END-PERMIAN EXTINCTION EVENT IN AUSTRALIA
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DOI：
10.2110/palo.2020.007
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发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
S. McLoughlin;C. Mays;V. Vajda;M. Bocking;T. Frank;C. Fielding
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. McLoughlin;C. Mays;V. Vajda;M. Bocking;T. Frank;C. Fielding
翻译后摘要：一个独特的洞穴形式，Reniformichnus australis n. isp.，描述了从地层直接覆盖和横切二叠纪末灭绝（EPE）地平线在悉尼盆地，澳大利亚东部。虽然无法确定一个独特的挖掘机，但这些洞穴可能是由小型犬齿动物产生的，这是基于与其他地方含有tracemakers身体化石的洞穴的比较。主要宿主地层没有植物遗骸，除了木材和木炭碎片，稀疏的真菌孢子，和罕见的无脊椎动物的痕迹，表明一个非常简单的陆地生态系统的特点是在EPE的后果“死区”。悉尼盆地的高古纬度（北纬65-75°S）环境，加上其较高的古降水水平和较不利的沉积潜力，反映在脊椎动物化石洞穴和身体化石的多样性较低，与同时代的大陆内部沉积物相比，中古纬度卡鲁盆地，南非。然而，这些洞穴揭示了生存的小四足动物在相当数量的悉尼盆地立即EPE。一个fossorial生活方式似乎提供了一个选择性的优势，为四足动物忍受恶劣的环境条件，出现在EPE。此外，高古纬度和海洋环境可能为陆地脊椎动物提供了重要的避难所，在低纬度的致命温度和大陆内部的干旱化。
Abstract: A distinctive burrow form, Reniformichnus australis n. isp., is described from strata immediately overlying and transecting the end-Permian extinction (EPE) horizon in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia. Although a unique excavator cannot be identified, these burrows were probably produced by small cynodonts based on comparisons with burrows elsewhere that contain body fossils of the tracemakers. The primary host strata are devoid of plant remains apart from wood and charcoal fragments, sparse fungal spores, and rare invertebrate traces indicative of a very simplified terrestrial ecosystem characterizing a ‘dead zone’ in the aftermath of the EPE. The high-paleolatitude (∼ 65–75°S) setting of the Sydney Basin, together with its higher paleoprecipitation levels and less favorable preservational potential, is reflected by a lower diversity of vertebrate fossil burrows and body fossils compared with coeval continental interior deposits of the mid-paleolatitude Karoo Basin, South Africa. Nevertheless, these burrows reveal the survivorship of small tetrapods in considerable numbers in the Sydney Basin immediately following the EPE. A fossorial lifestyle appears to have provided a selective advantage for tetrapods enduring the harsh environmental conditions that arose during the EPE. Moreover, high-paleolatitude and maritime settings may have provided important refugia for terrestrial vertebrates at a time of lethal temperatures at low-latitudes and aridification of continental interiors.