Grounding object concepts in perception and action: Evidence from fMRI studies of tools
Grounding object concepts in perception and action: Evidence from fMRI studies of tools
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DOI：
10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70470-2
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Martin, Alex
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beauchamp, Michael S.;Martin, Alex
对物体（包括工具）类别的研究促进了物体概念表征的感觉-运动模型的发展。根据这一模型，当我们感知和使用物体时，物体的信息在相同的神经子系统中被表示。反过来，这个模型也为工具使用的大脑机制提供了深入的了解。对于工具，有三种类型的信息对于识别特别重要：它们移动的特征运动（例如锤子的上下运动），它们的视觉形式以及它们被操纵的方式。来自神经心理学、非人类灵长类动物和神经成像研究的证据表明，特定的大脑区域与工具的这些基本识别属性之间存在映射关系。我们着重于左侧后颞中回的神经影像学研究。当受试者感知移动的工具和回答有关工具的问题时，该大脑区域都会活跃，并且对工具的视觉运动特征类型（刚性、无关节运动）做出反应。我们描述了一个简单的模型，解释了如何低级别的感受野特性，如已知存在于MT/V5区可能会引起高级别的类别相关的功能成像实验中观察到的表示。
Studies of categories of objects, including tools, have spurred the development of the sensory-motor model of object concept representation. According to this model, information about objects is represented in the same neural subsystems that are active when we perceive and use them. In turn, this model has provided insight into the brain mechanisms of tool use. For tools, three types of information are especially important for identification: the characteristic motion with which they move (such as the up and down motion of a hammer), their visual form, and the way that they are manipulated. Evidence from neuropsychological, non-human primates, and neuroimaging studies suggest a mapping between specific brain regions and these fundamental identifying properties of tools. We focus on neuroimaging studies of the left posterior middle temporal gyrus. This brain region is active both when subjects perceive moving tools and when they answer questions about tools, and is responsive to the type of visual motion characteristic of tools: rigid, unarticulated motion. We describe a simple model that explains how low-level receptive field properties like those known to exist in area MT/V5 could give rise to the high-level category-related representations observed in functional imaging experiments.