On a Quantitative Approach to Clinical Neuroscience in Psychiatry: Lessons from the Kuramoto Model
On a Quantitative Approach to Clinical Neuroscience in Psychiatry: Lessons from the Kuramoto Model
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DOI：
10.1097/hrp.0000000000000301
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发表时间：
2021-07-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Silbersweig, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anyaeji, Chinedu, I;Cabral, Joana;Silbersweig, David
人类大脑是一个复杂的系统，包括通过同步在其各个部分之间动态交换信息的子区域。这些动态的、复杂的相互作用最终在感知、情感、认知和行为以及各种适应不良的神经和精神过程中发挥作用。因此，重要的是要了解大脑动力学如何可能涉及这些过程。在过去的几年里，网络神经科学和计算神经科学已经强调了诸如亚稳态（一种性质，即振荡系统的成员倾向于徘徊在同步性的边缘而不会永久同步）等测量在量化大脑动力学方面的重要性。亚稳态的改变与各种精神疾病有关，如创伤性脑损伤和阿尔茨海默病。计算模型，其复杂性的范围内，已被用来评估各种参数如何影响亚稳态，同步和功能连接。这些模型虽然有限，但可以作为理解大脑动力学的方法。这篇文章（针对临床精神病学家谁可能不具备广泛的数学背景）的目的是提供一个简短的和定性的总结研究，使用了一个特定的，高度简化的计算模型耦合振荡器（仓本模型）理解大脑动力学，这可能会承担一些相关的临床精神病学。
The human brain is a complex system comprising subregions that dynamically exchange information between its various parts through synchronization. These dynamic, complex interactions ultimately play a role in perception, emotion, cognition, and behavior, as well as in various maladaptive neurologic and psychiatric processes. It is therefore important to understand how brain dynamics might be implicated in these processes. Over the past few years, network neuroscience and computational neuroscience have highlighted the importance of measures such as metastability (a property whereby members of an oscillating system tend to linger at the edge of synchronicity without permanently becoming synchronized) in quantifying brain dynamics. Altered metastability has been implicated in various psychiatric illnesses, such as traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease. Computational models, which range in complexity, have been used to assess how various parameters affect metastability, synchronization, and functional connectivity. These models, though limited, can act as heuristics in understanding brain dynamics. This article (aimed at the clinical psychiatrist who might not possess an extensive mathematical background) is intended to provide a brief and qualitative summary of studies that have used a specific, highly simplified computational model of coupled oscillators (Kuramoto model) for understanding brain dynamics-which might bear some relevance to clinical psychiatry.