Local responses to the Maharashtra gutka and pan masala ban: a report from Mumbai.
Local responses to the Maharashtra gutka and pan masala ban: a report from Mumbai.
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DOI：
10.4103/0019-509x.107754
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Donta B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nair S;Schensul JJ;Bilgi S;Kadam V;D'Mello S;Donta B
由于癌症和生殖健康问题的负担日益加重，马哈拉施特拉邦政府禁止在该邦生产、销售、分销和储存古特卡和paan masala。有鉴于此，了解生产者、销售者和使用者适应禁令的方式是很重要的。禁令实施后的两个月（2012年7月19日至9月30日），一个研究孟买低收入社区无烟烟草使用和推广情况的研究小组进行了快速监测，以评估禁令对研究社区的影响。评估包括记录新的销售点、对烟草使用情况的非正式观察，以及与13名店主和8名gutkha使用者进行访谈。评估了烟草制品的可及性、可获得性、使用模式、对禁令的看法、社会规范和监测活动等方面的总体变化。评估发现，烟草公司正在销售类似古特哈的新产品，并使用类似的品牌标识。监测、销售古特哈或在公共场合使用古特哈的财务和社会成本对减少当地供应、需求和使用以及增加与使用相关的污名产生了直接影响。卖家越来越认识到gutkha对癌症的影响，但不是全部。为了减少社区的总体烟草消费，至关重要的是要包括一些规划，提高人们对无烟烟草对健康的影响的认识，并维持监测水平。这将维持禁令的要求，并维持对这些产品在社区和其他类似社区的可及性、可获得性和使用的限制。
The Maharashtra government has banned the production, sale, distribution and storage of gutkha and paan masala in the state due to increasing burden of cancer and reproductive health problems. In view of this, it is important to understand the way producers, sellers and users are adapting to the ban. During the two months following the ban (July 19th through Sept 30, 2012), a research team studying smokeless tobacco use and promotion in a low income community of Mumbai conducted rapid surveillance to assess the impact of the ban in the study community. Assessment involved documenting new points of sale, informal observations of tobacco use, and interviews with thirteen shop owners and eight gutkha users. Overall changes in accessibility, availability, patterns of use of tobacco products, perception of ban, social norms and surveillance activities were assessed. The assessment found that tobacco companies were marketing new products that resembled gutkha, under similar brand logos. Surveillance, financial and social cost of selling gutkha or using it in public have had an immediate effect on reducing local supply, demand and use and increasing stigma associated with use. There was an increased recognition of effects of gutkha on cancer among sellers but not overall. To reduce the overall consumption of tobacco in the community, it is critical to include programmes that create awareness about effects of smokeless tobacco on health and sustain surveillance levels. This would maintain requirements of the ban, and sustain limits on accessibility, availability and use of these products in the community and other similar communities.