INSECT POLLINATION IN THE NEW-ZEALAND MOUNTAIN FLORA
INSECT POLLINATION IN THE NEW-ZEALAND MOUNTAIN FLORA
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DOI：
10.1080/0028825x.1983.10428561
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
PRIMACK, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PRIMACK, RB
各种各样的鳞翅目动物、蜜蜂、苍蝇和甲虫会拜访新西兰大多数山地植物的花朵。在充分收集的 82 种植物中，有 4 种。 （Pterostylis sp.、Pratia Macrodon、Mazus radicans 和 Dracophyllum acerosum）与昆虫目表现出特殊的授粉关系； 3 个物种（Cyathodes fraserii、Microtis unifolia 和 Thelymitra venosa）显然没有受到昆虫的光顾；其余 75 个物种有 2 个或更多目的多种昆虫访问。复合科中引入的植物物种主要受到引入的熊蜂的访问。 Lasioglossum 属和 Leioproctus 属的蜜蜂是丰富的花客。最常见的鳞翅目访花昆虫是夜蛾科、尺蛾科、螟虫科以及狼蛛属。双翅目昆虫，特别是寄蝇类和食蚜蝇，是数量最多的访花昆虫，访问的物种范围很广。食蚜蝇Melangyna novaezealandiae 访问的植物种类比其他任何访花植物都要多。甲虫通常数量不多，并且不经常在花间移动。由于这些类群的花特征截然不同，因此 Hebe 属的物种可能与复合科的物种具有不同的昆虫传粉者。然而，白花属、菊科和其余物种中访问花朵的昆虫没有普遍差异，表明特定传粉者缺乏专门化。大多数物种的单朵花能持续超过 4 天，因此连续几天的恶劣天气并不妨碍花朵授粉。植物物种的生物地理起源与访问其花朵的昆虫类型之间没有明显的关系。
A wide variety of lepidopterans, bees, flies, and beetles visit the flowers of most species of New Zealand montane plants. Of the 82 plant species which were well-collected, 4 spp. (Pterostylis sp., Pratia macrodon, Mazus radicans, and Dracophyllum acerosum) exhibited specialized pollination relationships with an insect order; 3 species (Cyathodes fraserii, Microtis unifolia, and Thelymitra venosa) are not apparently visited by insects; and the remaining 75 species are visited by a variety of insects in 2 or more orders. Introduced plant species in the Composite family are visited predominantly by introduced bumblebees. Bees in the genera Lasioglossum and Leioproctus are abundant flower visitors. The most common lepidopteran flower visitors are in the families Noctuidae, Geometridae and Pyralidae, and the genus Lycaena. Dipterans, in particular tachinids and syrphids, are numerically the most abundant flower visitors, and visit a wide range of species. The syrphid Melangyna novaezealandiae visits the flowers of more plant species than any other flower visitor. Beetles are typically not abundant, and do not move often between flowers. Species in the genus Hebe might be expected to have different insect pollinators from species in the Composite family, because of the quite different floral characteristics in these groups. However, there is no general difference in the insects visiting the flowers in the genus Hebe, the family Compositae, and the remaining species, indicating a lack of specialization for particular pollinators. Individual flowers of most species last more than 4 days, so that several consecutive days of bad weather need not prevent a flower from being pollinated. There is no obvious relationship between the biogeographical origin of plant species and the types of insects visiting its flowers.