Japanese Passives in Acquisition
Japanese Passives in Acquisition
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日本人在收购中的被动行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Sugisaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Sugisaki
近年来大量的语法习得研究令人信服地表明，所谓由生物因素决定的普遍语法（UG）的许多特性从儿童很小的时候就对语法习得产生限制（例如，参见克雷恩1991，大津1981，韦克斯勒1994）。从这一观察中可以自然地得出一个预测，即由普遍语法的各个模块相互作用所产生的结构也应该很早就出现。被动结构就是这样一种结构（博克斯1998，乔姆斯基1981，贝克等人1989，耶格利1986）。一些实验研究针对英语中被动结构的习得对这一预测进行了检验（例如，马拉佐斯等人1985，平克等人1987）。然而，这一预测并没有得到证实；研究发现儿童似乎在理解完全被动句（即带有“by短语”的被动句）方面存在困难。为了解释这些观察结果，博尔和韦克斯勒（1987，1992）提出幼儿没有能力形成A - 链，并且这种能力是受成熟因素控制的（大约直到四岁左右才出现）。
A large number of grammar acquisition studies in recent years have convincingly shown that many properties of the allegedly biologically determined Universal Grammar (UG) constrain grammar acquisition from a very early age (see e.g. Crain 1991, Otsu 1981, Wexler 1994). A natural prediction to be drawn from this observation is that the constructions which are generated by the interactions of various modules of UG should also emerge early. One such construction is the passive construction (Boeckx 1998, Chomsky 1981, Baker, et al. 1989, Jaeggli 1986). Several experimental studies have tested this prediction with respect to the acquisition of passives in English (e.g. Maratsos, et al. 1985, Pinker, et al. 1987). However, the prediction was not borne out; it was found that children seem to have difficulty in comprehending full passives (i.e. passives with by-phrase). To account for these observations, Borer and Wexler (1987, 1992) proposed that young children do not have the ability to form A-chains, and that this ability is maturationally controlled (and does not emerge until around the age of four or so).