Relations between forest management, stand structure and productivity across different types of Central European forests
Relations between forest management, stand structure and productivity across different types of Central European forests
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中欧不同类型森林的森林管理、林分结构和生产力之间的关系
DOI：
10.1016/j.baae.2018.02.007
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Ammer, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schall, Peter;Schulze, Ernst-Detlef;Ammer, Christian
在过去的30年里，许多林分结构属性（SSAs）已被提出，结构指数已被开发来描述森林的复杂结构。然而，大多数研究都探讨了结构性措施的潜力和限制，通过对一个林分应用多种措施或对几个林分应用几种措施来量化森林结构。然而，在许多不同的森林管理类型和发展阶段的林分的多个结构属性的相互依存关系尚未被探讨。使用20个结构属性和124完全库存1公顷大小的立场，我们测试到什么程度的结构特征反映不同的林分类型和管理强度，以及这些特征如何随时间变化。我们发现，单一的SSA没有显示出明确的梯度，他们打算反映，这表明，林分结构应描述多个结构属性，这些应该代表不同的结构方面（包括垂直，水平异质性，密度和多样性）。主成分分析表明，结合几个SSA，使我们能够区分林分类型。成熟林分的结构保持相当恒定的观察期约6年，而年轻的林分变化更快，由于向内生长和死亡。林分年龄越大，大树对林分生长的贡献就越小。我们的结论是，需要多个林分结构属性来解释林分类型，管理效果和林分生产力。(C)2018 Gesellschaft air Okologie.由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。All rights reserved.
In the past 30 years, many stand structural attributes (SSAs) have been suggested and structural indices have been developed to describe the complex structure of forests. Most studies, however, have explored the potential and limits of structural measures to quantify forest structures by applying multiple measures to one stand or few measures to several stands. However, the interdependencies of multiple structural attributes across many stands of different forest management types and developmental stages have not yet been explored. Using 20 structural attributes and 124 completely inventoried 1 ha sized stands we tested to what extent structural characteristics reflect different stand types and management intensities, and how these characteristics change over time. We found that single SSAs do not show the clear gradients that they were intended to reflect, suggesting that stand structure should be described by multiple structural attributes, and that these should represent different structural aspects (including vertical, and horizontal heterogeneity, density, and diversity). A principal component analysis showed that combining several SSAs, allowed us to distinguish between stand types. The structure of mature stands remained rather constant over the observed period of about 6 years, while that of young stands changed more rapidly due to ingrowth and mortality. The older the stands, the less the large trees contributed to stand growth relative to their size. We conclude that multiple stand structural attributes are needed to characterise stand types, management effects and to explain stand productivity. (C) 2018 Gesellschaft air Okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.