Heaving buoys, point absorbers and arrays
Heaving buoys, point absorbers and arrays
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2011.0249
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发表时间：
2012-01-28
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Hals, Jorgen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falnes, Johannes;Hals, Jorgen
波能的吸收可以被认为是由振荡物体产生的入射波和辐射波之间的干涉现象;波能转换器（WEC）取代水。如果WEC与一个波长相比非常小，则将其归类为点吸收体（PA）;否则，将其归类为“准点吸收体”。后者可以是偶极模式辐射器，例如在浪涌模式或俯仰模式中振荡的浸没体，而PA是如此之小，以至于它应该优选地是源模式辐射器，例如起伏的半浸没浮标。动力输出能力、WEC的最大扫掠体积以及优选地其全部物理体积应当与波浪气候合理地匹配。为了讨论这个问题，两个不同的上限吸收功率应用在一个“Budal的”。看来，对于单个WEC单元，仅约0.3MW的功率容量很好地匹配典型的离岸波浪气候，并且不幸的是，除非使用相位控制，否则全部物理体积必须显著大于扫掠体积。一个相位控制的PA的例子。对于一个相当大的波浪发电厂，需要一个由数百甚至数千个大规模生产的WEC单元组成的阵列。
Absorption of wave energy may be considered as a phenomenon of interference between incident and radiated waves generated by an oscillating object; a wave-energy converter (WEC) that displaces water. If a WEC is very small in comparison with one wavelength, it is classified as a point absorber (PA); otherwise, as a 'quasi-point absorber'. The latter may be a dipole-mode radiator, for instance an immersed body oscillating in the surge mode or pitch mode, while a PA is so small that it should preferably be a source-mode radiator, for instance a heaving semi-submerged buoy. The power take-off capacity, the WEC's maximum swept volume and preferably also its full physical volume should be reasonably matched to the wave climate. To discuss this matter, two different upper bounds for absorbed power are applied in a 'Budal diagram'. It appears that, for a single WEC unit, a power capacity of only about 0.3 MW matches well to a typical offshore wave climate, and the full physical volume has, unfortunately, to be significantly larger than the swept volume, unless phase control is used. An example of a phase-controlled PA is presented. For a sizeable wave-power plant, an array consisting of hundreds, or even thousands, of mass-produced WEC units is required.