Informal Urbanism and the Taste for Slums
Informal Urbanism and the Taste for Slums
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DOI：
10.1080/14616688.2011.613944
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
King, Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dovey, Kim;King, Ross
本文探讨了贫民窟旅游的美学和政治——将贫困审美化有什么吸引力和危险是什么？我们首先展示了南亚和东南亚贫民窟和非正式城市化的十一张图片，并向西方游客提出了复杂的景点组合。一方面，非正式的都市主义可以风景如画，充满怀旧元素和对真实性的追求；另一方面是现实的震撼、密集的迷宫般的都市景象和不安的偷窥欲。我们认为，吸引力更多的是崇高带来的焦虑和敬畏的快乐，而不是任何形式的美。然后，本文改变了规模，将这些图像与城市的政治经济和地理联系起来，其中贫民窟和城市非正规性的可见性与国家和市场意识形态联系在一起。非正式住区通常具有负面的象征和政治资本；矛盾的是，发展中国家需要游客，却又为了品牌宣传和法律与秩序而试图控制城市形象。贫民窟常常隐藏在公众视线之外，这与贫困的再生产密不可分。虽然西方游客的偷窥目光产生了对贫困的审美化，但这并没有去政治化，而是开辟了新的联系和潜在的转变。
This paper explores the aesthetics and politics of slum tourism - what are the attractions and what are the dangers of aestheticizing poverty? We first present eleven images of slums and informal urbanism in south and Southeast Asia and suggest a complex mix of attractions for Western tourists. On the one hand informal urbanism can be picturesque with elements of nostalgia and a quest for authenticity; on the other is the shock of the real, the spectacle of intensive labyrinthine urbanity and an uneasy voyeurism. We suggest the attraction is more the anxious and awe-filled pleasure of the sublime than any formal beauty. The paper then changes scale to connect such imagery to the political economy and geography of the city where the visibility of slums and urban informality is linked to state and market ideologies. Informal settlements generally have negative symbolic and political capital; the developing state paradoxically needs tourists yet seeks to control the urban image for purposes of branding and to signify law and order. The slum is often hidden from the public gaze in a manner that is complicit with the reproduction of poverty. While the voyeuristic gaze of the Western tourist produces an aestheticization of poverty this does not depoliticize so much as it opens up new connections and potential transformations.