In-syringe low-density ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the fast determination of pyrethroid insecticides in environmental water samples by HPLC-DAD
In-syringe low-density ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the fast determination of pyrethroid insecticides in environmental water samples by HPLC-DAD
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DOI：
10.1039/c6ra09668a
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发表时间：
2016-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Lu Hu;Xuan Wang;H. Qian;Huazi Wang;Runhua Lu;Sanbing Zhang;Wenfeng Zhou;Haixiang Gao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu Hu;Xuan Wang;H. Qian;Huazi Wang;Runhua Lu;Sanbing Zhang;Wenfeng Zhou;Haixiang Gao
建立了注射器内低密度离子液体分散液-液微萃取(LDIL-DLLME)-高效液相色谱法分离测定环境水样中四种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂(溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯氰菊酯和联苯菊酯)的新方法。在所开发的方法中，首次使用离子液体(IL)来代替低密度溶剂型微萃取方法中最常用的有机溶剂。使用微型注射器将IL放入一个长长的注射器针头中。然后将样品溶液放入注射器中进行分散。提取是在注射器中完成的，充分利用了低密度的特性，使这种方法更容易、更快。对影响LDIL-DLME实验效率的几个参数，如针的内径、盐的加入量、IL和样品的体积、离心机转速和超声时间等进行了深入的研究。在优化的条件下，L−1在1~500 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系，测定系数大于0.9994。3个加标水样的加标回收率为88.0%~102.8%，相对标准偏差为0.3%~6.7%。4种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的检出限为0.88~1.71μg L−1，富集系数为242~257。该方法为环境样品中拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的评价提供了一种廉价、快速、简便、环保的方法，是一种潜在的实验样品前处理方法。
A new microextraction technique named in-syringe low-density ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (LDIL-DLLME) followed by separation using high performance liquid chromatography has been developed to determine the levels of four pyrethroid insecticides (i.e., deltamethrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, and bifenthrin) in environmental water samples. In the developed method, an ionic liquid (IL) was used for the first time instead of an organic solvent, which is most often used in low-density solvent-based microextraction methods. The IL was placed in a long syringe needle using a microsyringe. It was then dispersed by drawing the sample solution into the syringe. The extraction was finished in the syringe, taking full advantage of the low-density property, and making this method easier and quicker. Several parameters affecting the experimental efficiency of LDIL-DLLME, such as the needle's inner diameter, salt addition, the volume of IL and sample, rotation speed and duration of centrifugation and ultrasound were thoroughly studied. Under optimized conditions, in the range of 1 to 500 μg L−1, good linearity was obtained, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.9994. Three spiked water samples were studied, and recovery ranged from 88.0 to 102.8%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.3 to 6.7%. The limits of detection (LODs) for the four pyrethroid insecticides were in the range of 0.88–1.71 μg L−1 and enrichment factors (EFs) were in the range of 242 to 257. The proposed method provides an inexpensive, rapid, simple and eco-friendly process for evaluating pyrethroid insecticides in environmental samples, making it a potential method for the pretreatment of experimental samples.