Options for the abatement of methane and nitrous oxide from ruminant production: A review
Options for the abatement of methane and nitrous oxide from ruminant production: A review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.livsci.2010.02.010
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
de Klein, C. A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eckard, R. J.;Grainger, C.;de Klein, C. A. M.
农业产生的温室气体约占全球人为温室气体排放总量的10%-12%，分别占所有人为甲烷（CH4）和氧化亚氮（N2O）排放总量的50%和60%。除了对人为温室气体排放的重大贡献外，CH4和总氮损失的能量损失是反刍动物生产系统中剩余的两个最显著的低效率。本文综述了从反刍动物生产系统中减少肠道CH4和N2O产生的一些选择，主要集中在育种、饲养、动物管理、土壤和肥料管理以及瘤胃操作方面。为了充分评估净减排潜力，每项战略都必须经过整个农场系统建模和全生命周期评估，以确保在某一点减少排放不会刺激生产系统其他地方的更高排放。在实际战略和商业上可行的产品可供农场使用之前，审查的大多数选择都需要多年的研究。本文综述了畜牧生产在提高产量的同时减少甲烷和氧化亚氮排放的现有方案，并强调了研究问题和需要一种系统方法来评估减排方案的相对优点。(C) 2010 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Agriculture produces similar to 10%-12% of total global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, contributing similar to 50% and similar to 60% of all anthropogenic methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), respectively. Apart from their significant contribution to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, the energy lost as CH4 and total N losses are two of the most significant inefficiencies remaining in ruminant production systems. A number of options are reviewed to reduce production of enteric CH4 and N2O from ruminant production systems, mainly focusing on breeding, feeding, animal management, soil and fertilizer management, and rumen manipulation. To fully assess the net abatement potential, each strategy must be subjected to whole-farm systems modelling and a full life-cycle assessment, to ensure that a reduction in emissions at one point does not stimulate higher emissions elsewhere in the production system. Most of the options reviewed require many years of research before practical strategies and commercially viable products are available for use on farms. This paper reviews the options available for livestock production to reduce CH4 and N2O emissions while improving production, and highlights research issues and the need for a systems approach to the evaluation of the relative merits of abatement options. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.