The AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial for residents - MR imaging safety considerations
The AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial for residents - MR imaging safety considerations
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DOI：
10.1148/radiographics.19.6.g99no331641
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Price, RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Price, RR
过去十年的经验和研究表明，诊断磁共振(MR)成像是一种生物安全的成像方式。具体地说，目前没有令人信服的证据表明，磁共振成像中使用的辐射和磁场，特别是射频(RF)辐射、静态磁场和时变梯度场，存在任何长期或不可逆转的生物效应。然而，磁共振成像确实存在许多危险，可能会导致严重伤害甚至死亡。这些危险主要是由于(A)强磁场及其对受其影响的铁磁性物体施加的强力，包括干扰电子设备，如起搏器和其他植入的电子设备，以及(B)由于放置在患者皮肤表面的传导环路(如心电图仪和其他监测设备)中无意中感应电流而导致的射频烧毁。其他潜在的担忧是快速切换的梯度和听觉噪声水平导致的周围神经刺激。为所有磁共振成像设施人员建立一个完整和协调的教育计划，并对预定进行磁共振成像程序的患者进行有效的筛查和准备，对于避免事故和射频垃圾以及维护安全的磁共振成像设施至关重要。
Experience and research over the past decade have demonstrated that diagnostic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a biologically safe imaging modality. Specifically, there is currently no convincing evidence that there is any longterm or irreversible biologic effects associated with the radiation and magnetic fields used in MR imaging, specifically radio-frequency (RF) radiation, static magnetic fields, and time-varying gradient fields. However, numerous hazards of MR imaging do exist that can cause severe injuries or even death. These hazards are primarily the result of (a) strong magnetic fields and the strong force that they exert on ferromagnetic objects brought into their influence, including interference with electronic devices such as pacemakers and other implanted electronic devices, and (b) RF bums resulting from inadvertently induced currents in conductive loops placed on the patient's skin surface (eg, electrocardiographic leads and other monitoring devices). Other potential concerns are peripheral nerve stimulation resulting from rapidly switched gradients and auditory noise levels. Establishing a complete and coordinated educational program for all MR imaging facility personnel and conducting effective screening and preparation of patients scheduled for MR imaging procedures are essential to avoid accidents and RF bums and to maintain a safe MR imaging facility.