Detailed understanding of the behaviour of soot in, and emission from, turbulent flames and fires

虽然涉及烟尘的燃烧过程已经被广泛使用了很多年，但它们的巨大复杂性使它们超出了目前理解或可靠建模的能力。在火焰内部，烟尘在辐射换热中起着重要的作用，因此在能源效率方面也起着重要作用。在火焰之外，烟尘既可以作为有害的空气污染物排放，也可以作为理想的纳米颗粒来源排放，具体取决于应用。提高认识和预测能力给社会带来的好处包括减少空气污染、改善健康和安全、提高化石燃料和替代燃料的使用效率、支持快速增长的使用纳米碳颗粒的部门以及提高消防安全。

While combustion processes involving soot have been widely employed for many years, their great complexity puts them beyond present capacity to understand or model reliably. Within a flame, soot plays an important role in radiant heat transfer, and hence in energy efficiency. Beyond a flame, soot can either be emitted as an unwanted air pollutant or as a desirable source of nano-particles, depending on the application. The benefits to society from improved understanding and predictive capability include reduced air pollution, improved health and safety, increased efficiency in the utilisation of both fossil and alternative fuels, the support of the rapidly growing sector employing carbon nano-particles and increased fire safety.