Lawmaking and the Dynamics of Discretion in an Administration Agency

立法和行政机构的自由裁量权动态

• 批准号: 8618999
• 负责人: Andrew Scull
• 金额: $ 7.28万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-08-01 至 1990-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8618999&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Lawmaking; Dynamics; Discretion; Administration; Agency

This longitudinal study of the development of law, under the able direction of Dr. Calavita, examines the decisionmaking processes of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) as it has interpreted Congressional legislation. The focus of the research is on the period from 1952 to the present, a time in which the INS has exercised wide discretion in the interpretation of Congressional statutes. Also Dr. Calavita examines judicial- administrative interaction and the influence of court decisions on INS decisionmaking and discretion. Systematic analysis of archival data and in-depth interviews are used to probe the transition from formal law to law-in-action and the effect of the external and internal environment on this policymaking process. Among the factors under study are a macro-level contradiction between the economic role of immigration and the political effort to restrict immigration, INS response to concerns articulated by special interest groups and individual legislators, and a dual personnel structure within the agency itself that includes both political appointees and career officials. This study represents an important attempt to advance knowledge of the evolution from formal to de facto law, while bridging the theoretical schism between macro- and micro-level explanations of legal behavior. It should add considerably to our scientific understanding of lawmaking in administrative agencies.

这种纵向研究法的发展， Calavita博士的方向，检查决策 移民和归化局（INS）的程序， 它解释了国会的立法。 的重点 研究是从1952年到现在的这段时间， 移民归化局在解释中行使了广泛的自由裁量权 国会法规。 卡拉维塔博士还审查了司法- 行政互动和法院判决的影响 移民局的决策和自由裁量权 系统分析 档案数据和深入访谈被用来探讨 从形式法到行为法的转变及其影响 外部和内部环境对这一决策过程的影响。 在所研究的因素中有一个宏观层面的矛盾 移民的经济作用和政治努力 为了限制移民，移民局对移民局提出的关切作出了回应， 特殊利益集团和个别立法者，以及双重 机构内部的人事结构，包括 政治任命人员和职业官员。 这项研究代表 一个重要的尝试，以提高知识的演变， 从形式法到事实法，同时弥合理论上的分歧， 在宏观和微观层面对法律的行为的解释之间。 它应该大大增加我们对 行政机关立法。