Response of Permafrost to Surface Temperature Changes

多年冻土温度在深度代表一个系统运行的平均值 永久冻土表面温度历史的一部分。 全球变化， 例如气候变暖， 温度曲线 最近的冻土温度测量显示 阿拉斯加的一些永久冻土在过去已经升温了4摄氏度 50-100年和有限的气象数据表明， 与一个地区平均气温的变化直接相关 那里的二氧化碳变暖预计是最严重的。 主机 严重的环境和工程问题， 对极地土地使用的重大影响与 温暖和/或融化的永久冻土。 然而，关于热状况的数据 阿拉斯加的永久冻土非常稀疏，大多数都无法使用， 钻孔附近的地表扰动。 这项调查将测量16岁以下的永久冻土温度 穿越阿拉斯加管道走廊沿线沿着未受干扰的地点， 包括阿拉斯加的三个主要气候和永久冻土区， 阿拉斯加其他15个分布广泛的地点。 测量将 包括空气中的温度，地面上的温度， 层，在永久冻土表和永久冻土层中，深度为80 m 个或多个. 将对这些数据进行解释和建模， 来确定不同温度层之间的关系 以及地表温度变化对永久冻土的影响。 这些研究将有助于我们提取信息的能力， 从永冻层的温度剖面上看过去的气候 钻 漏洞，这些调查的最大成本，已经 完成

Permafrost temperatures at depth represent a systematic running mean of the temperature history at the permafrost surface. Global changes, such as climatic warming are, or will be, reflected in the permafrost temperature profiles. Recent permafrost temperature measurements show that some Alaskan permafrost has warmed as much as 4 C over the past 50-100 years and limited meteorological data suggest that this warming is directly related to changes in mean air temperature in an area where carbon dioxide warming is predicted to be the greatest. A host of serious environmental and engineering problems that have a substantial impact on the use of polar lands are associated with warmer and/or thawing permafrost. However, data on the thermal regime of permafrost in Alaska are very sparse and mostly unusable because of surface disturbances near the drill holes. This investigation will measure permafrost temperatures at sixteen undisturbed sites along the trans-Alaska pipeline corridor which includes Alaska's three major climate and permafrost zones and at fifteen other widely distributed sites in Alaska. Measurements will include temperatures in the air, at the ground surface, in the active layer, at the permafrost table and in the permafrost to depths of 80 m or more. Interpretation and modeling of these data will be carried out to determine the relationships between temperatures at all levels and the effects of changes in surface temperatures on the permafrost. These studies will contribute to our ability to extract information on past climate from the permafrost temperature profiles. Drilling the holes, the greatest cost of these investigations, has already been completed.