Collaborative Research on Social Influence in an Election Campaign

竞选活动中社会影响力的合作研究

• 批准号: 8706940
• 负责人: Robert Huckfeldt
• 金额: $ 7.78万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-01 至 1991-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8706940&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Social; Influence; Election

This investigation addresses the issue of how the social context in which citizens live, work, and play is transformed into social influence on voting behavior in an election campaign. Questions that follow from this include: What mechanisms promote homogeneity or heterogeneity in political choice in neighborhoods or work groups? In what ways do the social contexts of work, recreation, or neighborhood life filter the perception of politically relevant information coming from the mass media or other persons? What mechanisms of social interaction enhance or inhibit social influences on political choice? In the highly dynamic context of a political campaign, how does the political influence of social context evolve over time? What mechanisms govern the changing course of social influence on political choice during a campaign? To address these questions the investigators have undertaken a three wave panel survey of 1,500 voters in South Bend, Indiana, before, during, and after the 1984 election campaign. A supplemental survey of almost 1,000 persons identified by respondents as political discussion partners was also completed. This survey employed a research design and sampling technique that differed markedly from traditional practice. Extensive scientific study of mass political behavior, especially voting behavior, has been undertaken over the past four decades utilizing national random sample survey techniques. The current investigation differs from this methodology in two important respects. First, the research site is a particular urban community. Second, the sampling design randomizes respondent selection, but within purposefully chosen neighborhoods that differ systematically in social and economic composition. A high sampling rate within each neighborhood allows the investigators to characterize each neighborhood environment. This design is believed to be unique in the study of voting behavior in that it provides for direct, comprehensive measurement of the social, attitudinal, economic, and political characteristics of the voter's immediate social milieu. The data set resulting fom these procedures provides analytic opportunities unavailable in the usual national election studies. In the determinants of voter choice or policy attitudes, measurements of respondents' social contexts may be introduced directly into the analysis. The relative importance of individual properties compared with the political influence arising from the social composition of the respondent's neighborhood can be assessed. For example, a body of evidence suggests that vote choice by working class respondents is heavily influenced not only by their working class membership but also by the concentration of working class families in their living areas. This classic effect of social context on voting behavior can be specified in extraordinary detail with the data set now available from South Bend. What mechanisms of social interaction drive this observed amplification of working class influence on individual members of the working class? Is it the composition of their political discussion networks? Is it the composition of their work groups? Is it the homogeneity of other social cleavages within their neighborhoods - - race, religion, ethnicity? Such questions can be raised, and given answers in first approximation, with these data.

这项调查涉及的问题是， 公民生活、工作和娱乐的场所， 在选举活动中对投票行为的影响。 的问题 由此得出的结论包括：什么机制促进同质性或 社区或工作群体中政治选择的异质性？ 在 工作、娱乐或邻里的社会环境 生活过滤器的感知政治相关的信息来 从大众媒体或其他人？ 什么样的社会机制 相互作用增强还是抑制了社会对政治选择影响？ 在政治运动的高度动态背景下， 社会背景的政治影响随着时间的推移而演变？ 什么 社会对政治影响的变化过程有其内在机制 在竞选期间，选择？ 为了解决这些问题，调查人员进行了三次调查。 波小组在印第安纳州的南本德对1,500名选民进行了调查， 在1984年竞选期间和之后。 补充调查 近1 000人被答卷者确定为政治讨论 合作伙伴也完成了。 这项调查采用了研究设计 和采样技术，显着不同于传统的 实践 对群众政治行为进行广泛的科学研究， 特别是投票行为，在过去的四年里， 利用国家随机抽样调查技术。 的 目前的调查与这种方法在两个重要方面不同 个方面 首先，研究地点是一个特定的城市社区。 第二，抽样设计随机选择受访者，但在 有目的地选择的社区， 经济组成。 每一帧内的高采样率 邻里允许调查人员描述每个邻里的特征 环境 这种设计被认为在研究中是独一无二的 投票行为，因为它提供了直接的，全面的 衡量社会、态度、经济和政治 选民的直接社会环境的特点。 这些程序产生的数据集提供了分析 通常的国家选举研究中没有的机会。 在 选民选择或政策态度的决定因素， 受访者的社会背景可以直接引入到 分析. 各个属性的相对重要性比较 随着政治的影响所产生的社会组成的 可以评估被访者的邻里关系。 例如， 有证据表明，工人阶级受访者的投票选择 他们不仅深受工人阶级的影响， 工人阶级家庭集中在他们的居住区。 社会背景对投票行为的经典影响可以 详细说明了现在可用的数据集， 南本德。 什么样的社会互动机制推动了这种观察 扩大工人阶级对社会各阶层成员的影响 工人阶级？ 是他们政治讨论的成分 网络？ 是他们工作组的组成吗？ 是不是 他们社区内其他社会分裂的同质性- - 种族，宗教，民族 这样的问题可以提出来， 用这些数据得出第一近似值。