U.S.-Philippines Cooperative Research: Controlling Biological Deterioration of Philippines Woods Species by Application of Volatile Fungicides

该提案要求获得资金，以允许俄勒冈州立大学森林产品系Jeffrey J.Morrell博士与菲律宾共和国森林产品研究与开发研究所科学研究专家Magdalena Y.Gron女士进行为期24个月的研究计划，以确定使用木材熏蒸剂延长菲律宾木材树种使用寿命的可行性。这些合作者将在受控的实验室条件下评估熏蒸剂在菲律宾木材物种中迁移和消除腐烂真菌的能力，确定熏蒸剂在控制使用中的木材产品真菌和昆虫侵扰方面的有效性，并评估熏蒸剂防止菲律宾木材物种海洋钻孔虫攻击的能力。木材作为一种材料，与钢、混凝土和塑料相比有几个优点，其中包括单位重量的高强度，承受重载而不完全破坏的能力，美观的外观，以及对表面处理的低能量要求。不幸的是，木材在恶劣的环境中使用时，很容易受到各种生物制剂的影响，如真菌、昆虫和海洋钻孔虫。据估计，美国每年的损失约为20亿美元。尽管无法获得菲律宾每年的损失估计，但热带地区的木材退化速度通常比温带地区更快。熏蒸处理将延长木材的使用寿命，减少砍伐更多树木的压力，并提高木结构中的安全性，否则腐烂将继续削弱木材。Gron女士目前在Morrell博士的实验室从事该提案领域的研究，预计她将在1987年12月之前完成博士学位的要求。他们有两份关于应用熏蒸剂控制菲律宾森林腐烂的出版物。该项目与发展中国家科学计划的目标相关，该计划旨在通过交流科学信息、思想、技能和技术，以及通过在互利问题上的合作，提高美国科学家和工程师与发展中国家同行之间的合作水平。

This proposal requests funds to permit Dr. Jeffrey J. Morrell, Department of Forest Products, Oregon State University, to pursue with Ms. Magdalena Y. Giron, Science Research Specialist, Forest Products Research and Development Institute, Republic of the Philippines, for a period of 24 months, a program of research to determine the feasibility of using wood fumigants to prolong the service life of Philippine wood species. These collaborators will evaluate the ability of fumigants to migrate through and eliminate decay fungi in Philippine wood species under controlled laboratory conditions, determine the effectiveness of fumigants for controlling fungal and insect infestations of wood products in service, and evaluate the ability of fumigants to prevent marine borer attack of Philippine wood species. Wood, as a material, has several advantages over steel, concrete, and plastic, among which are its high strength per unit weight, ability to withstand heavy loads without complete failure, pleasing appearance, and low energy requirement for finishing. Unfortunately, wood is susceptible to deterioration by a variety of biological agents such as fungi, insects, and marine borers when used in adverse environments. Annual losses in the United States on the order of $2 billion have been estimated. Although an estimate of annual losses in the Philippines is not available, deterioration of wood in tropical areas generally proceeds at a faster rate than in temperate regions. Fumigant treatment would lead to prolonged wood service life, decreased pressure to cut additional trees, and increased safety in wooden structures where decay would otherwise continue to weaken the wood. Ms. Giron is presently engaged in research in the field of the proposal in Dr. Morrell's laboratory where she is expected to complete requirements for the Ph. D. degree by December 1987. They have two publications in press on fumigant application to control decay in Philippine woods. This project is relevant to the objectives of the Science in Developing Countries Program which seeks to increase the level of cooperation between U.S. scientists and engineers and their counterparts in developing countries through the exchange of scientific information, ideas, skills, and techniques and through collaboration on problems of mutual benefit.