Particle Physics and Cosmology

粒子物理学和宇宙学

• 批准号: 8800801
• 负责人: Joel Primack
• 金额: $ 38.74万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-04-01 至 1991-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8800801&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Particle; Physics; Cosmology

This project is research on particle physics and cosmology. The principal subject of research is the nature of possible "dark (i.e., non-luminous) matter" (DM) which may well be the main form of mass in the universe. The research involves both further exploration of several "cold" DM scenarios, and also detailed study of the possibilities of detecting or constraining the properties of various hypothetical DM particles via laboratory and accelerator experiments, cosmic radiation, and further aalysis of Supernova 1987a. Another subject of research is the possibility that galaxy and cluster formation is triggered by loops of "cosmic string;" the project will study the detailed evolution of loops, and also investigate cosmic string models that are consistent with a form of expansion of the universe that is called "inflation". The project will also attempt to ascertain the nature of the DM and the initial conditions by detailed study of the dynamics of disk galaxies and of the evolution of galaxies and their clustering, in anticipation of extensive new data. Finally, it will study the various theories of particle physics beyond the standard model both for their implications regarding the DM and for insights into the big unsolved problems of cosmology such as the value of the cosmological constant. This project will help refine our theories of the large scale structure of the universe, the early moments of the universe, and the nature of up to 99% of the matter in the universe.

该项目是粒子物理和宇宙学的研究。 研究的主要主题是可能的“暗（即不发光）物质”（DM）的性质，它很可能是宇宙中质量的主要形式。 该研究既包括对几种“冷”DM 场景的进一步探索，也包括通过实验室和加速器实验、宇宙辐射以及对 Supernova 1987a 的进一步分析来详细研究检测或限制各种假设的 DM 粒子特性的可能性。 研究的另一个主题是星系和星团形成可能是由“宇宙弦”循环触发的。该项目将研究环的详细演化，并研究与称为“膨胀”的宇宙膨胀形式一致的宇宙弦模型。 该项目还将尝试通过详细研究盘状星系的动力学以及星系及其聚类的演化来确定DM的性质和初始条件，以期获得大量新数据。 最后，它将研究标准模型之外的各种粒子物理理论，以了解它们对 DM 的影响，并深入了解宇宙学中未解决的重大问题，例如宇宙学常数的值。 该项目将有助于完善我们关于宇宙大尺度结构、宇宙早期时刻以及宇宙中高达 99% 物质本质的理论。