Lipase and Lipid Bodies in Seeds

种子中的脂肪酶和脂质体

• 批准号: 8805618
• 负责人: Anthony Huang
• 金额: $ 20.86万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-01-01 至 1991-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8805618&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Lipase; Lipid; Bodies; Seeds

This project focuses on the initial hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to fatty acids in seeds. Lipase catalyzes the first step in the overall gluconeogenesis and thus may be the rate-controlling, and there is evidence that its action is subjected to internal and external controls. The triacylglycerols surrounded by a half-unit membrane. In this project, the specific binding between the maize lipase and lipid bodies will be probed. Their recognition signals will be studied by different biochemical methods and by analyses of the protein structures via their amino acid sequences. Site-directed mutagenesis of the proteins will also be performed to complement the above studies in pinpointing the binding sites. The general pattern of the findings on maize will be extended to cotton lipases.%%% Seed germination and post germinative growth represent an active and dynamic period of the life cycle. The system offers an ideal opportunity for the study of metabolism and development. The most prominent aspect of metabolism in seed germination is the mobilization of food reserves to support the growth of the embryo. In the storage tissues of seeds, three major food reserves are present; namely, lipids, protein, and starch. Most seeds contain a sizable amount of lipids, with notable exception in cereal grains. Even in cereals, some (2-5% of seed weight) storage lipid is present in various parts of the grains, depending on the species and variety. Lipids are good food storage in seeds since on a per volume basis they possess about twice as much energy as starch or proteins. The storage lipid is mobilized to provide carbon skeleton and energy for growing embryonic axis. This project supports studies on how lipids are utilized in seeds.***//

本项目重点研究种子中三酰基甘油初始水解成脂肪酸的过程。脂肪酶催化整个糖异生的第一步，因此可能是速率控制，有证据表明其作用受到内部和外部控制。三酰基甘油被半单位膜包围。本项目将探讨玉米脂肪酶与脂质体之间的特异性结合。它们的识别信号将通过不同的生化方法和通过它们的氨基酸序列分析蛋白质结构来研究。位点导向突变的蛋白质也将被执行，以补充上述研究在确定结合位点。在玉米上发现的一般模式将推广到棉花脂肪酶。种子萌发和萌发后生长代表了生命周期中一个活跃和动态的时期。该系统为研究新陈代谢和发育提供了理想的机会。在种子萌发过程中，代谢最突出的方面是动员食物储备来支持胚胎的生长。在种子的贮藏组织中，存在三种主要的食物储备；也就是脂质，蛋白质和淀粉。大多数种子含有相当数量的脂质，谷物除外。即使在谷物中，籽粒的不同部位也存在一些（种子重量的2-5%）储存脂质，这取决于品种和品种。脂质是种子中很好的食物储藏，因为按每体积计算，它们所含的能量大约是淀粉或蛋白质的两倍。储存的脂肪被动员起来，为胚胎轴的生长提供碳骨架和能量。这个项目支持研究脂质如何在种子中被利用