Odd Nitrogen in the Thermosphere and Mesosphere

热层和中间层中的奇数氮

• 批准号: 8812982
• 负责人: David Rusch
• 金额: $ 5.8万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1990-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8812982&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Odd; Nitrogen; Thermosphere; Mesosphere

The impact upon the atmosphere above 80 km altitude of energetic electrons and protons during magnetic storms breaks up nitrogen and oxygen molecules and produces large quantities of nitric oxide in the high latitude upper atmosphere. Some of this is transported downwards through the middle atmosphere in the wintertime polar vortex, and affects the chemistry of ozone at high latitudes. The production of the nitric oxide involves chemical reactions that are not well understood, in fact recent laboratory measurements have shown disagreements between observations and models by more than a factor of ten. This award is to use satellite data to generate a comprehensive empirical model of the concentration of NO and its variation in time and space, pending new laboratory measurements that can be used to revise the theoretical model. At that time a further attempt can be made to compare observations (via the empirical model) and theory.

磁暴期间，高能电子和质子对海拔 80 公里以上大气层的撞击会分解氮和氧分子，并在高纬度高层大气中产生大量一氧化氮。 其中一些在冬季极地涡旋中通过中层大气向下输送，并影响高纬度地区臭氧的化学成分。 一氧化氮的产生涉及尚未被充分理解的化学反应，事实上，最近的实验室测量显示观察结果与模型之间的差异超过十倍以上。 该奖项旨在利用卫星数据生成一氧化氮浓度及其随时间和空间变化的综合经验模型，等待新的实验室测量结果可用于修正理论模型。 那时可以进一步尝试比较观察结果（通过经验模型）和理论。