Charge Dependence of Cosmic Ray Solar Modulation

宇宙射线通量与太阳活动水平（太阳调制）之间的反相关是由太阳风携带的磁场不规则引起的，太阳风将带电粒子扫出太阳系并/或使其减速。由于电子和原子核的电荷质量比有很大的不同，这两种粒子的速度和磁刚性的关系也有很大的不同。最近的观测表明，电流调制模型不能同时再现电子和核子调制与每11年发生一次的太阳磁场反转有关。如果日球磁场具有长程序，则宇宙射线粒子的电荷符号会影响它们的传播。对所涉及的对称性的详细考虑表明，当太阳场反转时，电荷依赖应该改变。本研究计划旨在通过将本资助下获得的电子数据与我们在ICE航天器上的仪器提供的电子和质子数据以及文献中的其他数据进行比较，来扩展宇宙射线太阳调制的电荷依赖性的测量。这项研究将确定在确定日球层带电粒子的运动轨迹时，日球层磁场的大尺度顺序在多大程度上是重要的。

The anti-correlation between cosmic ray fluxes and the level of solar activity (solar modulation) is caused by magnetic field irregularities carried by the solar wind which sweep the charged particles out of the solar system and/or decelerate them. Since electrons and nuclei have greatly different charge/mass ratios the relation of velocity and magnetic rigidity is significantly different for these two particle species. Recent observations have shown that the failure of the current modulation model simultaneously to reproduce electron and nucleon modulation is related to reversals of the solar magnetic field which occur every eleven years. If the heliospheric magnetic field has long range order the sign of the charge of the cosmic ray particles can affect their propagation. A detailed consideration of the symmetries involved shows that the charge dependence should change when the solar field reverses. This research program is designed to extend measurements of the charge dependence of cosmic ray solar modulation through comparison of electron data to be obtained under this grant with electron an proton data available from our instrument on the ICE spacecraft as well as other data from the literature. This investigation will determine the extent to which the large scale order of the heliospheric magnetic field is important in determining the trajectories of charged particles in the heliosphere.