Stable Isotope Enrichment of Arid Zone Irrigation Waters in The Eastern Delta of The Nile River in Egypt

描述：本项目支持合作研究， H. J.辛普森和J.W.C.地球化学中的白色 哥伦比亚拉蒙特-多尔蒂地质观测站分部 大学和博士原子能的哈姆扎 在埃及开罗成立。 本研究的目的是 获得灌溉水损失率的指标 通过两个重要的机制蒸腾作用和 通过观察重同位素（氘和 氧-18）。 将在埃及采集样本 在尼罗河东部三角洲， 地区，其中净地下水流量是从浅 第一种是将土壤注入更深的地下水， 垂直流动则相反。 希望这项研究能够发展 估算蒸发量的实用经验方法 大型灌溉网络的损失， 根据流量估算蒸发和蒸腾 测量数据 这项研究还有望帮助了解 干旱地区的大气水收支， 灌溉网络。 范围：本项目的合作有利于 美国和埃及。 该项目将埃及和美国联系起来。 具有各种经验的科学家， 必要的技能和知识，以取得成功。 的 通过这项研究获得的信息可能有助于 许多干旱或半干旱地区的国家， 灌溉系统。

Description: This project supports a collaborative study by Drs. H.J. Simpson and J.W.C. White of the Geochemistry Division of Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University and Dr. M.S. Hamza of the Atomic Energy Establishment in Cairo, Egypt. The objective of the study is to obtain indications of the ratio of irrigation water losses through the two important mechanisms of transpiration and evaporation by observation of heavy isotopes (deuteruim and oxygen-18) in residual water. Samples will be taken in Egypt in the Eastern Delta of the Nile River from two separate areas, one where the net groundwater flow is from shallow soils into deeper groundwaters and the second where the net vertical flow is the opposite. The study is hoped to develop a practical empirical approach to estimating evaporation losses from large irrigation networks, independent of estimates of evaporation plus transpiration based on discharge gaging data. The study is expected also to help understand atmospheric water budgets in arid zones with extensive irrigation networks. Scope: The collaboration in this project is beneficial to the U.S. and to Egypt. The project links Egyptian and U.S. scientists of varied experiences that mesh well to provide the necessary skills and knowledge for its success. The information gained through this research could be useful to many countries in arid or semi-arid regions with large irrigation systems.