ROW/RIA: Interrelationships of Salamanders of the genus Ambystoma

这项研究将提供第一个全面的 钝口鱼属的进化关系分析， 鼹鼠蝾螈 关系将取决于 测量线粒体DNA的遗传差异。 与井 支持系统发育树，可以研究生物地理 影响群体适应性辐射的因素。 这 研究报告的一部分还将提供有关机制的信息， 两栖动物线粒体DNA的进化，一个研究 在本研究中使用的方法可能有助于确定 在许多其他生物系统中的遗传关系。 一个好的发展史将为第二次世界大战提供背景 这项研究的一部分。 鼹鼠蝾螈属包括几种 独特的无性繁殖（单性）形式;这些 起源于不同物种之间的杂交 钝口鱼 在拟议研究的第二部分， 线粒体DNA将用于分析遗传变异， 克隆种群 这将提供有关 无性系形式的母系祖先。 它还将显示， 这样的起源或多或少，或近或古。 人会 因此能够重建这些血统的历史-- 他们从哪里来，如何，何时，以及在多大程度上，他们 传播. 这样的进化历史将提供必要的 遗传机制更详细研究的背景 参与克隆生物的产生。

The proposed study will provide the first comprehensive analysis of evolutionary relationships in the genus Ambystoma, the mole salamanders. Relationships will be determined by measuring genetic differences in mitochondrial DNA. With a well supported phylogenetic tree, one can study the biogeographical factors involved in the adaptive radiation of the group. This part of the study will also provide information on the mechanisms of evolution of mitochondrial DNA in amphibians, a group for which to be used in this study may prove useful for determining genetic relationships in many other biological systems. A good phylogeny will provide the context for the second part of this study. The mole salamander genus includes several distinctive clonally reproducing (unisexual) forms; these originated by hybridization between different species of Ambystoma. In the second part of the proposed study, mitochondrial DNA will be used to analyze genetic variation in the clonal populations. This will provide information on the maternal ancestors of clonal forms. It will also show whether there were many or few such origins, recent or ancient. One will therefore be able to reconstruct a history of these lineages-- where did they come from, how, when, and to what extent did they spread. Such an evolutionary history will provide the necessary background for more detailed studies of the genetic mechanisms involved in producing clonal organisms.