Novel Membranes for the Separation of Small Molecules: Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation

用于分离小分子的新型膜：制备、表征和评估

• 批准号: 8822829
• 负责人: Joseph Magill
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-12-01 至 1990-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8822829&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Novel; Membranes; Separation; Small; Molecules

This is a novel method for processing polymer films to make gas separation membranes. A polymer sheet is simultaneously stretched and compressed by pulling it through a roller (roll-truding). The purpose of the prior work was to produce higher strength polymer sheets. However, the flux of gases through the resultant films has been round to be very high, approximately 1000 times what one would expect for the unprocessed films. It is suggested this has occurred because there has been an alignment and segregation of microcrystalline domains within rubbery domains of the film, thus making the diffusion path through the film less tortuous. Further, the domain size separating the crystalline domains is of angstrom dimensions, and can be controlled by the roll-truding process and by subsequent annealing. If still thinner films can be produced, domain sizes might be used in conjunction with differences in diffusion rates and solubilities to add a stearic selectivity to a gas separation process. If the films can be used for gas separations, this will constitute a major breakthrough in gas membrane separations, as a very wide variety of polymers, which could not previously be used for gas separations, can be turned into gas separation membranes by this process. Though it is probably not possible to produce hollow fiber membrane modules by roll-truding, the process should be ideal for making spiral-wound modules.

这是一种加工聚合物薄膜制造气体的新方法 分离膜 聚合物片材同时 通过滚筒拉伸和压缩 （roll-truding）. 先前工作的目的是生产 更高强度的聚合物片材。然而，气体的流量 通过所得薄膜的圆度非常高， 大约是预期的1000倍。 未经加工的电影 有人认为，这是因为 微晶的排列和分离 在膜的橡胶状区域内的橡胶状区域，从而使得 通过薄膜的扩散路径较少曲折。 此夕h 分离结晶畴的畴尺寸为埃 尺寸，并且可以通过辊挤工艺来控制， 通过随后的退火。 如果可以生产更薄的薄膜，那么畴尺寸可能会更小。 结合扩散速率的差异使用， 溶解度以增加气体分离的硬脂酸选择性 过程 如果膜可用于气体分离， 构成气体膜分离的重大突破，作为 非常广泛的聚合物，这是以前无法使用的 用于气体分离，可以变成气体分离膜， 通过这个过程。 虽然可能无法生产 中空纤维膜组件的滚压成型，该工艺应 是制造螺旋缠绕模块的理想选择。