Enhancing the Spatial Abilities of Handicapped Students: A Program for Teachers

最近的证据表明，残疾学生在空间和时间技能方面不如主流学生。判断距离的困难，工作方向和方向的困难，以及规模变化的问题，标志着这一特殊的群体。该项目认识到并解决了这些学生的教师的特殊需要。旨在加强教师对空间理解的关键要素的理解：尺度、距离和大小的估计、方向和方向、数据收集(空间)、感知-概念以及解释和符号化。麦卡莱斯特学院和明尼阿波利斯公立学校正在合作成立一家合资企业，以增强初中残疾学生教师的空间能力。该项目为期两个学年：1988年9月至1990年7月。在第一年期间，将举行一系列八次指导会议。这一系列的目标受众将是20名残疾学生的教师。1989年夏天，将举办为期两周的讲习班。第一年的主要成果是为明尼阿波利斯学校系统的教师提供正式的一揽子计划。在该计划的第二年，将为双城地区有大量残疾学生的所有学区的教师举办另一系列学年课程。1990年夏天，将为参加这项为期两年的方案的所有教师举办为期两周的讲习班。通过对这一项目的资助，教师增强计划解决了特定教师队伍的特殊需求，即那些与残疾学生一起工作的教师。麦卡莱斯特学院和明尼阿波利斯学校的捐款相当于国家科学基金会奖金的3%。

Recent evidence suggests that handicapped students are not as adept in spatial and temporal skills as their mainstream counterparts. Difficulties in judging distances, working with direction and orientation, and problems with scale changes mark this special group of individuals. This project recognizes and addresses the special needs of the teachers of these students. Efforts are directed toward enhancing teachers' understandings of the key elements of spatial understanding: scale, estimation of distance and size, direction and orientation, data gathering (spatial), perception-conception, and interpretation and symbolization. Macalester College and the Minneapolis Public Schools are cooperating in a joint venture to enhance the spatial abilities of the teachers of junior high school handicapped students. The project is to run for two academic years: September, 1988 through July 1990. During the first year a series of eight instructional sessions will be conducted. The target audience for this series will be twenty teachers of handicapped students. During the summer of 1989 a two-week workshop will be held. The primary out-come of the first year will be formalized packages for teachers in the Minneapolis school system. During the second year of the program, another series of academic year sessions will be held for teachers from all school districts in the Twin Cities area having a significant number of handicapped students. During the summer of 1990, a two-week workshop will be held for all the teachers who participated in the two-year program. Through the funding of this project, the Teacher Enhancement Program addresses the special needs of a particular contingent of teachers, those working with handicapped students. Macalester College and the Minneapolis School have contributed an amount equal to 3% of the National Science Foundation award.