Clarifying Holistic Elements in Modern Science

阐明现代科学的整体要素

• 批准号: 8900780
• 负责人: Paul Teller
• 金额: $ 4万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-08-15 至 1990-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8900780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Clarifying; Holistic; Elements; Modern; Science

The interpretation of quantum mechanics and other contemporary theories in science are experiencing strain because, on the one hand, they appear to involve some kind of holism, while on the other hand holism has generally been regarded as hopelessly obscure. Professor Teller will resolve this interpretive impasse by developing and applying a conception which he calls "relational holism." This new concept differs significantly from much traditional work on holism and can be made acceptably clear by the standards of contemporary analytic philosophy. Professor Teller will apply the resulting notions of moderate and radical relational holism to clarifying the ways in which the spirit of classical scientific thought seemed to be non-holistic, the ways in which there are nonetheless important holistic strands in classical science, and the ways in which quantum mechanics involves a radical break with traditional non-holistic prejudices. The results will clarify the ways in which quantum mechanics departs from traditional conceptions. Further applications will lay the groundwork for coming to terms with the traditional puzzles of David Hume about causation (how can one prove that an effect and a cause are necessarily connected?) and for clarification of the recent resurgence of interest in holistic elements in the social sciences.

对量子力学和其他当代科学理论的解释正经历着压力，因为一方面，它们似乎涉及某种整体论，而另一方面，整体论通常被认为是无可救药的模糊。泰勒教授将通过发展和应用一个他称之为“关系整体论”的概念来解决这个解释上的僵局。这个新概念与许多关于整体论的传统工作有很大的不同，可以用当代分析哲学的标准来明确。泰勒教授将运用由此产生的温和的和激进的关系整体论的概念来澄清古典科学思想的精神似乎是非整体的方式，以及古典科学中仍然存在重要的整体股的方式，以及量子力学与传统非整体偏见的彻底决裂。这些结果将阐明量子力学与传统观念的不同之处。进一步的应用将为解决大卫·休谟关于因果关系的传统难题（如何证明结果和原因是必然联系的？）以及澄清最近对社会科学中整体元素的兴趣的复苏奠定基础。