PRF/M: Molecular Phylogeny of Loculoascomycetous Fungi

30多年前，子囊菌亚纲(子囊菌纲中的子囊菌亚纲)是根据子囊基质和双尖子囊两个生殖特征的形态而被定义的。利用子囊基质和单一子囊类型的多个特征的组合，对9500多个物种进行了隐含的系统发育分析。目前对该类群(特别是高等分类群)的分类存在分歧，表明对潜在的单系类群缺乏明确的了解。需要一个健壮的系统发展史，其中一组嵌套的单系类群可以作为分类的来源。洛杉矶县自然历史博物馆的唐·R·雷诺兹博士将用分子数据来解决这个问题。研究将集中在32个定位子囊菌物种上，并将需要对相对大的、进化上保守的和串联重复的核糖体DNA进行测序。这样的分析有望为祖先序列分歧的研究提供有用的数据。Neuropora属将用于外群分析。采用聚合酶链式反应和DNA快速测序相结合的方法分析线粒体小亚基rDNA和核rDNA，包括18S rRNA、28S rRNA、5.8S rRNA基因和基因间隔区。这项工作将从1989年9月开始，在加州大学伯克利分校约翰·W·泰勒博士的实验室进行，为期12个月。

More than 30 years ago, the subclass Loculoascomycetes (of the Class Ascomycetes, among the true fungi) was defined on the basis of the morphology of two reproductive characters: the ascostroma and bitunicate ascus. The implied phylogeny has been derived for over 9500 species using a combination of multiple traits from the ascostroma and a single ascus type. Current disagreement over classification of the group (especially higher taxa) demonstrates the lack of a clear understanding of underlying monophyletic groups. A robust phylogeny from which a nested set of monophyletic groups can serve as the source of classification is needed. Dr. Don R. Reynolds, of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, will address this issue with molecular data. Research will focus on 32 Loculoascomycete species and will entail sequencing the relatively large, evolutionally conservative and tandem repeated nuclear ribosomal DNA. Such analyses promise to yield useful data for study of ancestral sequence divergence. The genus Neuropora will be used in outgroup analysis. The Polymerase Chain Reaction coupled with rapid DNA sequencing methods will be used to analyze the small mitochnodrial subunit rDNA and the nuclear rDNA, including the genes for 18s rRNA, 28s rRNA, 5.8s rRNA, and the intergenic spacer region. The work will be carried out over a 12-month period beginning in September 1989 at the University of California, Berkeley, in the laboratory of Dr. John W. Taylor.