REU: Collaborative Research: Ecology of Migratory Passerine Birds on Breeding and Wintering Areas - Demographic Experimental Studies

REU：合作研究：候鸟繁殖和越冬地区的生态学 - 人口统计实验研究

• 批准号: 8906836
• 负责人: Richard Holmes
• 金额: $ 31.09万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-01 至 1992-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8906836&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REU; Collaborative; Research; Ecology; Migratory

This study is a continuation and expansion of long-term studies of population dynamics and habitat selection by two migratory passerine bird species on their breeding grounds, in forested parts of central New Hampshire and on wintering sites in Jamaica. It combines experimental, observational, and demographic approaches to test the hypothesis that populations of these species are limited both in summer and winter. Three steps will be used in both areas: (1) a test whether habitat selection is density dependent and/or despotic (i.e., younger individuals or females are constrained by socially dominant older males), as reflected in distribution patterns along habitat gradients, and by testing for dominance behavior directly; (2) a test for consequences of dominance behavior on age- and sex-specific reproduction and/or survival by habitat, and (3) a determination of the importance of temporally and spatially variable food supplies (especially a defoliating caterpillar in breeding areas) and predators as possible ecological causes of demographic patterns observed. Finally, the relative importance of temporally variable ecological conditions on age-structure and abundances of these populations will be assessed. Such information is urgently needed by conservationists, due to rapid habitat loss for these migratory species on both breeding and wintering areas.

这项研究是对两种候鸟种群动态和栖息地选择长期研究的延续和扩展，这些研究是在它们的繁殖地、新罕布什尔州中部的森林地区和牙买加的越冬地进行的。它结合了实验、观察和人口统计学的方法来验证这些物种的种群在夏季和冬季都是有限的假设。这两个领域将采用三个步骤：(1)测试生境选择是否依赖于密度和/或专制（即年轻个体或雌性受到社会优势年长雄性的约束），这反映在生境梯度的分布模式中，并直接测试优势行为；(2)通过栖息地测试优势行为对年龄和性别特异性繁殖和/或生存的影响；(3)确定时间和空间可变的食物供应（特别是繁殖区的落叶毛虫）和捕食者作为观察到的人口模式可能的生态原因的重要性。最后，将评估时变生态条件对这些种群的年龄结构和丰度的相对重要性。由于这些迁徙物种在繁殖区和越冬区栖息地的迅速丧失，保护主义者迫切需要这些信息。