Studies in A-Morphous Morphology

A-形态形态学研究

• 批准号: 8910656
• 负责人: Stephen Anderson
• 金额: $ 15.85万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-08-01 至 1993-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8910656&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Morphous; Morphology

ABSTRACT This research develops an approach to the structure of complex words in natural languages which treats relations among words as defined by a network of interacting rules instead of by their shared content of minimal signs (or 'morphemes'). It is thus 'a-morphous' in dispensing with morphemes rather than in the sense of lacking form. Three general problem areas will be addressed. First, if rules rather than morphemes are the foundation of word structure, words should have much less internal non- phonological form than commonly assumed. The investigator will examine the idea that most such structure, such as that usually associated with the presence of boundaries or junctures, and with a phrase-marker-like arrangement of morphemes into higher level constituents, can be eliminated. Secondly, the research will pursue the notion that a single class of phonological operations on word forms characterizes phonology, word level morphology, and also the introduction of phonologically dependent clitics. Treating clitics as "phrase level morphology" has significant implications for several problems in syntax as well as for phonology and morphology. Finally, the investigator will explore the implementation of grammars of word structure of this type in the form of computer programs. Such implementation involves several difficult issues, such as the proper representation of the full autosegmental and metrical structure of a word; the balance between general and language particular principles in the interaction of sound structural rules; and the degree and nature of parallelism appropriate to the parsing of morphological structure. %%% The linguistic theory of grammatical structure at the level of the word -- "morphology" -- has long presented special problems. In some ways structure at the level of the word seems intuitively more obvious than other levels of grammatical struc- ture, such as the sentence, and yet it has proven much more resistant to a comprehensive, coherent theoretical account. One reason for this is the great diversity from one language to another in the nature of what the speakers perceive as individual words. The investigator in this project has been developing a quite novel theory of morphology, which accounts for a number of phenomena which have been unexplained in other theoretical models. The next phase of the research will test the theory against certain problematic cases from a variety of different languages, and will also implement the theory as a computer program, to enable further testing of its consistency and applicability to a wide variety of cases.

摘要 本研究开发了一种方法， 自然语言中的复杂词，它处理 由相互作用的规则网络定义的单词，而不是由 他们共享的最小符号（或“语素”）的内容。 是 因此，“非形”在免除语素，而不是在 缺乏形式感。 三大问题领域将是 处理。 首先，如果规则而不是词素是 字的结构，字应该有更少的内部非- 比通常假设的语音形式。 研究者将 检查大多数这样的结构，例如通常 与边界或接合点的存在相关， 词素进入更高层次的短语标记样安排 成分，可以消除。 其次，研究将追求的概念，一个单一的 词形上的一类音系操作， 音系学、词级形态学，以及 音系上依赖的附着点 将阴蒂视为“短语 水平形态学”对几个 句法、音系和词法方面的问题。 最后，研究人员将探讨实施 计算机形式的这种类型的词结构的语法 程序. 这种实施涉及若干困难问题， 例如完整自动分段的适当表示， 一个词的韵律结构;一般和 语音互动的语言特殊原则 结构规则;以及平行性的程度和性质 适合于分析形态结构。 %%% 语法结构层次的语言学理论 “形态学”这个词长期以来 问题 在某种程度上， 比其他层次的语法结构更直观， 真的，如句子，但它已经证明了更多 对一个全面的、连贯的理论解释的抗拒。 一 原因是从一种语言到另一种语言的巨大差异。 另一个是说话者所感知的个体的性质 话 该项目的研究人员一直在开发一种 形态学的一个非常新颖的理论，它解释了一些 其他理论无法解释的现象 模型 下一阶段的研究将检验这一理论 针对一些有问题的案件， 语言，并将实现作为一台计算机的理论 程序，以便进一步测试其一致性， 适用于各种各样的情况。