Synthesis, Organization and Function of Ribonucleic Acid

本研究的总体目标是阐明 在转录水平上调节基因表达， 加工、RNA周转和翻译。 注意力集中在 编码核糖体结构蛋白（rp）的小鼠基因， 免疫球蛋白（IG’s）。 对于rp基因，我们正在（i）分析 他们独特的等效启动子，（ii）研究 内含子对稳定和细胞内转运重要性 的mRNA，和（iii）研究rp mRNA的翻译控制。 未来对这些基因的研究将包括对 rp转录因子及其编码基因的研究进展 寡嘧啶帽序列和内部的作用， 启动子元件之间的相互作用的研究， 启动子元件，核内周转的分析， 无内含子转录本和结构特征的定义 限制rp mRNA结合核糖体的能力。 为了IG 基因，我们正在（i）研究重链mRNA的调控 通过替代RNA加工的生产，（ii）表征 κ基因启动子元件之间的相互作用，和（iii） 确定kappa增强子和染色质重组的作用 在kappa基因表达的发育调控中的作用。 未来 对这些基因的研究将包括对 在早期和晚期， 晚期淋巴细胞，寻找决定 JH-Cmu和JH-Cdelta剪接的相对效率， 一个新的kappa启动子元件及其蛋白的鉴定 配体、编码该配体的基因的克隆和定位 能让你不依赖魔法师的基因片段 kappa基因的表达。 这些研究的结果应该 不仅增加了rp和IG基因如何工作的知识， 也揭示了适用于其他基因的一般原则， 相似的属性。 所进行的实验将继续遵循 才能将基因表达为功能性蛋白质。 这些 过程是大多数生物体的基础。 结果将有所帮助 在我们对基因表达的理解中， 一系列生物学问题。

The overall goal of this research is to elucidate mechanisms that regulate genetic expression at the levels of transcription, RNA processing, RNA turnover and translation. Attention is focused on the mouse genes encoding ribosomal structural proteins (rp's) and immunoglobulins (ig's). For the rp genes, we are (i) analyzing their distinctive equipotent promoters, (ii) studying the importance of introns for stabilization and intracellular transport of mRNA, and (iii) studying the translational control of rp mRNA. Future studies of these genes will include a characterization of rp transcription factors and the genes encoding them, elucidation of the roles of the oligopyrimidine cap sequence and the internal promoter elements, studies of the interactions between the various promoter elements, an analysis of the intranuclear turnover of intronless transcripts, and definition of the structural features that limit the capacity of rp mRNAs to bind ribosomes. For the ig genes, we are (i) studying the regulation of heavy chain mRNA production by alternative RNA processing, (ii) characterzing the interplay between elements of kappa gene promoters, and (iii) defining the role of the kappa enhancer and chromatin restructuring in the developmental regulation of kappa gene expression. Future studies of these genes will include a comparison of overall cleavage-polyadenylation and splicing efficiencies in early and late stage lymphocytes, a search for the parameters that determine the relative efficiencies of JH-Cmu and JH-Cdelta splicing, characterization of a novel kappa promoter element and its protein ligand, cloning of the gene encoding this ligand, and localization of the genetic segment that confers enchancer-independent expression of the kappa gene. The results of these studies should not only increase knowledge of how rp and ig genes work, but should also reveal general principles that apply to other genes with similar properties. The experiments performed will continue to follow the processes needed to get a gene expressed as a functional protein. These processes are fundamental for most organisms. The results will aid in our understanding of gene expression and be applicable to a wide range of biological problems.