US-Federal Republic of Germany Cooperative Research: Bombarding Energy Dependence of Multi-fragmentation

该奖项支持威廉·G博士。林奇角，澳-地康拉德·盖尔布克 和密歇根州立大学的其他人合作， 物理研究与博士Uli Lynen，W。Trautmann和J. 法兰克福大学的Pochodzalla和Gesellschaft 德国达姆施塔特的Schwerionenforschung（GSI）。 他们是 >研究多碎片分裂的性质 机制，以获得有关方程的信息 稀核的液-气相变 所谓了 MSU具有紧凑和高度颗粒化的中间体 质量碎片检测阵列，MINIBALL。 测量 使用这种设备需要小halo.free氪束， 能量水平和质量在美国是不可用的， 光束将在不久的将来在GSI，这将 是世界上最好的设施;然而， 没有类似于GSI的MINIBALL的数组。 合作， 因此，基于将阵列运输到德国， 把这两种互补的最先进的设备 一起 计算表明，多重碎片可能发生在 在很宽的入射能量范围内的重离子反应。 到目前为止，很少有测量方法解决了 碰撞导致产生许多中间产物， 大量碎片 迷你球是为了寻找 中等质量碎片，并提供有关 高激发和稀释的核物质。 结合 使用ALADIN光谱仪， 氪诱导反应的多重碎裂过程 在50到1000兆电子伏的能量范围内。 在此范围内的研究 将补充正在进行的研究工作在密歇根州立大学， 正在探索较低能量下的反应。 结果 他们对Kr.Nb系统的初步调查将有一个 对后续重离子的方向产生重大影响 实验 一旦入射能量， 破碎机制是占主导地位的已经确定，详细 与动力学和统计多重碎裂的比较 模型将被执行。

This award supports Drs. William G. Lynch, C. Konrad Gelbke and others of Michigan State University to collaborate in physics research with Drs. Uli Lynen, W. Trautmann and J. Pochodzalla of the University of Frankfurt and the Gesellschaft fuer >Schwerionenforschung (GSI) at Darmstadt, FRG. They are >investigating the properties of multifragment breakup mechanisms in order to obtain information about the equation of state and liquid.gas phase transition of dilute nuclear matter. MSU has a compact and highly granular intermediate mass fragment detection array, the MINIBALL. Measurements with this device require small halo.free Krypton beams at an energy level and quality not available in the U.S. Such beams will be available in the near future at GSI, which will be the best facility of its kind in the world; however, there is no array similar to MINIBALL at GSI. The collaboration, therefore, is based on transporting the array to Germany to bring these two complementary state of the art devices together. Calculations suggest that multifragmentation may occur in heavy ion reactions over a wide range of incident energies. Few measurements to date have addressed the properties of collisions which lead to the production of many intermediate mass fragments. MINIBALL was constructed to look for intermediate mass fragments and provide information about highly excited and dilute nuclear matter. In conjunction with the ALADIN spectrometer, it will be possible to measure multifragmentation processes for Krypton induced reactions over the energy range 50 to 1000 MeV. Studies in this range will complement the ongoing research effort at MSU where reactions at lower energies are being explored. The results of their initial survey of the Kr.Nb system will have a significant impact on the directions of subsequent heavy ion experiments. Once incident energies at which multifragment breakup mechanisms are dominant have been identified, detailed comparisons to dynamical and statistical multifragmentation models will be performed.