Presidential Young Investigators Award: New Solidification Techniques in Manufacturing of Materials

这项PYI拨款的主要目的是创造新的凝固技术，以制造性能更好的材料。这要通过对凝固过程中存在的各种传输现象的基础研究来完成。具体而言，研究将在微观和宏观尺度上对固体和液体中对流和扩散的热量和物质传递进行深入研究，同时考虑成核、相变动力学和固体力学。由于其技术重要性，研究将集中在金属合金和金属复合材料的凝固。数值模拟工作将得到一个实验项目的支持，该项目涉及测量温度和物种浓度的新型诊断技术。凝固过程是制造几乎所有人造材料不可或缺的一部分，包括金属、聚合物、陶瓷、复合材料以及新的电子、光学和磁性材料。因此，需要大量的研究工作来开发复杂的凝固技术，以生产具有精确控制形状、化学和物理性质的材料。通过与工业界研究人员的密切合作，该PYI奖可以对当前的制造技术产生强大的影响。

The primary objective of this PYI grant is to create new solidification techniques to manufacture materials with improved properties. This is to be accomplished through a fundamental study of the large variety of transport phenomena present in solidification processes. Specifically, research will proceed through a thorough investigation of the heat and species transport by convection and diffusion in both the solid and liquid phases, at the micro and macro scales, together with consideration of nucleation, phase-change kinetics, and solid mechanics. Because of their technological importance, the research will concentrate on solidification of metallic alloys and metal composites. The numerical modelling effort will be supported by an experimental program involving novel diagnostic techniques for measuring temperature and species concentration. Solidification processes are integral to the manufacture of virtually all man-made materials, including metals, polymers, ceramics, composites, as well as new electronics, optical, and magnetic materials. Consequently, considerable research effort needs to be directed toward the development of sophisticated solidification techniques to produce materials with precisely controlled shapes, chemistry, and physical properties. Through close collaboration with researchers in industry, this PYI award can have a strong impact on present manufacturing technologies.