Dissertation Research: Influence of Feeding Style on Herbivore Impacts: A Comparison of Leaf and Sap Feeding Insects

论文研究：取食方式对草食动物影响的影响：叶食和汁液取食昆虫的比较

• 批准号: 9001108
• 负责人: Richard Root
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1991-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9001108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Influence; Feeding; Style

Although insect herbivores are a diverse group and attack plants in a variety of ways, few studies have compared the impacts of different types of insect feeding on a host species. This research will examine how an insect's feeding style affects its impact by comparing three insects that feed on goldenrod (Solidago altissima): a leaf chewing beetle (Trirhabda sp.), a phloem feeding aphid (Uroleucon caligatum), and a xylem tapping spittlebug (Philaenus spumarius). Plants will be grown in pots and insects will be placed on them at densities that span the range of actual insect densities observed in our long-term censuses of goldenrod insects. Impacts on both reproductive and vegetative growth will be investigated. Effects on fitness will be evaluated by measuring fecundity, mean seed weights, rhizome weights, and nitrogen content of seeds and rhizomes. Plant allocation to buds, leaves, stems, and roots will be determined, as will leaf area and leaf nitrogen levels. A second objective is to see how herbivore impacts vary with the nutrient status of the host plant. Plants will be grown at two levels of soil fertility to see how impacts on plant fitness are effected. It is not currently possible to predict which types of insect feeding will be most damaging to plants, and this study will help to fill that gap.

虽然昆虫食草动物是一个多样化的群体，以各种方式攻击植物，但很少有研究比较不同类型的昆虫取食对宿主物种的影响。这项研究将通过比较三种以黄花(Solidago Altissima)为食的昆虫来研究昆虫的取食方式对其影响的影响：咀嚼树叶的甲虫(Trirhabda sp.)、取食蚜虫的韧皮部(Uroleucon Caligatum)和木质部割口虫(Philaenus Spumarius)。植物将在盆栽中生长，昆虫的密度将跨过我们对黄花昆虫的长期普查中观察到的实际昆虫密度范围。将调查对生殖和营养生长的影响。对适合度的影响将通过测量种子和根茎的繁殖力、平均种子重量、根茎重量和氮含量来评估。将确定植物对芽、叶、茎和根的分配，以及叶面积和叶氮水平。第二个目标是观察食草动物的影响如何随寄主植物的营养状况而变化。植物将在两个土壤肥力水平上种植，以观察对植物适合性的影响。目前还不可能预测哪种昆虫取食对植物的危害最大，这项研究将有助于填补这一空白。