Passive Tuned Mass Dampers in Vibration Control

在许多情况下，调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)已被发现是抑制建筑物、地板、体育场馆和其他结构振动的合适方法。该方法对低阻尼结构最为有效。本质上，被动阻尼器被添加到结构中，并被调谐以使结构-TMD耦合系统的模式的阻尼值最大化。通过确保临界振型包含TMD的强烈参与，即使TMD的质量只是结构质量的一小部分，也可以实现耦合系统的大量减振。建议制定一种优化TMD的通用方法。更准确地说，对于给定的TMD质量和位置，这种方法将得到TMD的弹簧刚度和阻尼系数的最佳值。将包括模式交互的影响，但是该方法足够简单，对于实践工程师来说是可以理解的。该方法的另一个优点是它只需要对结构的动力特性进行非常简明的描述。这种描述在很大程度上可以从现场振动测量中获得。

In a number of cases, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) have been found to be an appropriate method to suppress vibrations in buildings, floors, sports arena, and other structures. The method is most effective for structures with low damping. Essentially, passively damped oscillators are added to the structure, and tuned to maximize the damping for the modes of the coupled structure-TMD system. By ensuring that the critical modes involve strong participation of the TMD, it is possible to achieve substantial amounts of damping for the coupled system, even if the mass of the TMD is only a small fraction of that of the structure. It is proposed to develop a general methodology for optimum tuning of the TMDs. More precisely, this methodology will yield optimum values of the spring stiffnesses and damping coefficients of the TMD's for given TMD masses and locations. The effects modal interaction will be included, yet the approach is simple enough to be accessible to practicing engineers. An additional advantage of the proposed method is that it only requires a very concise description of the dynamic properties of the structure. This description can for the most part be obtained from field vibration measurements.