Changing Values in Pesticide Technology

农药技术价值观的变化

• 批准号: 9014411
• 负责人: David Pimentel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-09-01 至 1993-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9014411&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Changing; Values; Pesticide; Technology

This project investigates and evaluates rationales for the use of pesticide technology in the United States. On the one hand, pesticides are regarded as valuable tools in food production and in the protection of public heath, yet on the other hand, pesticide use has given rise to serious concerns relating to both public health and the condition of the environment. In light of these concerns, people are calling for a reassessment of the risks and benefits of pesticide use. Surveys indicate the possibility of a significant shift in public values, with demands for cheap and cosmetically appealing food conflicting with demands for no pesticides. To evaluate the merits of these apparent conflicts, it is necessary to obtain factual information from a wide range of sources and to reassess the value judgments forming the basis for policy decisions. This study will attempt to obtain and integrate information on fourteen diverse topics, ranging from the extent and economic benefits of pesticide use to the environmental and social costs of pesticides. Knowledgeable scientists and scholars will collect, assess, evaluate and summarize the latest scientific information about pesticide use. They will consider how conflicting moral objectives can or should be reconciled; what role public and private groups and organizations should play in determining pesticide policy; and what guidance should inform government agencies and regulations about pesticide use. Findings will be disseminated at a meeting in Washington, DC, and via a summary of the findings and a volume of the collected papers. This research has an important and timely focus; its results will be useful and accessible to a wide audience. The qualifications and track record of the principal investigators are excellent. The participants are highly qualified and well balanced. The proposal and addendum provide adequate information about the activities plan, and about the value issues that will be investigated. The proposal is recommended for support, with high priority.

该项目调查并评估美国使用农药技术的理由。一方面，农药被视为食品生产和保护公众健康的宝贵工具，但另一方面，农药的使用引起了对公众健康和环境状况的严重关注。鉴于这些担忧，人们呼吁重新评估农药使用的风险和收益。调查表明，公众价值观可能会发生重大转变，对廉价且美观的食品的需求与对无农药的需求发生冲突。为了评估这些明显冲突的优点，有必要从广泛的来源获取事实信息，并重新评估构成政策决策基础的价值判断。这项研究将尝试获取并整合十四个不同主题的信息，从农药使用的程度和经济效益到农药的环境和社会成本。知识渊博的科学家和学者将收集、评估、评价和总结有关农药使用的最新科学信息。他们将考虑如何能够或应该如何调和相互冲突的道德目标；公共和私人团体和组织在制定农药政策时应发挥什么作用；政府机构和法规应就农药使用提供哪些指导。研究结果将在华盛顿特区的一次会议上通过研究结果摘要和收集的论文集进行传播。这项研究具有重要且及时的重点；其结果将对广大受众有用且易于理解。主要研究人员的资历和业绩记录都非常出色。参与者素质很高且均衡。提案和附录提供了有关活动计划以及将要调查的价值问题的充分信息。建议支持该提案，并给予高度优先级。