U.S.-France Collaborative Research: Air-Snow Transfer Function in Greenland

该奖项将支持美国和法国科学家之间关于格陵兰岛空气-雪传递函数主题的合作研究。参与者是：博士；Jean- Luc Jaffrezo， Cliff Davidson和Jack Dibb，卡内基梅隆大学，Michel Legrand博士，法国圣马丁冰川与地球物理环境实验室。美国（GISP II）和欧洲（GRIP）的深层钻探项目涉及在未来两年内从格陵兰的Summit地区获取两个深层岩心到基岩。这些岩心将提供大约20万年的详细记录，提供有关地球地质历史、气候变化和大气成分化学成分变化的信息。GISP II和GRIP项目的一个重要组成部分是大气科学项目，该项目旨在帮助将冰芯数据与以前的大气条件联系起来。该方案有三个目标：1)确定到达首脑会议的化学成分的来源区域和大气途径；2)将调查将这些物种纳入峰会降水的情况，以确定暴风雪期间的沉积机制和速率；3)冰原化学成分的变化将被量化。这些目标将通过一个包含现场工作、实验室分析和计算机建模的多组件程序来实现。该奖项将支持美国和法国研究人员之间的合作，以开展与上述项目相关的实验室工作、数据解释和联合出版物。这项工作将受益于美国和法国小组在气体和气溶胶地球化学、自然和人为排放示踪剂以及运输和沉积机制方面的互补专业知识。这项研究的结果有望大大提高科学界从深冰中检索信息的能力。

This award will support collaborative research between US and French scientists on the topic of the air-snow transfer function in Greenland. The participants are: Drs. Jean- Luc Jaffrezo, Cliff Davidson and Jack Dibb, Carnegie Mellon University, and Dr. Michel Legrand, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Geophysique de l'Environment, St. Martin d'Here, France. The US (GISP II) and European (GRIP) deep drilling projects involve acquisition of two deep cores to bedrock from the Summit region of Greenland over the next two years. The cores will provide a detailed record of about 200,000 years, yielding information on the earth's geologic history, climate change and variations in the chemical composition of atmospheric constituents. One important component of the GISP II and GRIP projects is a program in atmospheric sciences, which is designed to help relate the ice core data to atmospheric conditions in previous times. There are three objectives to this program: 1) Source regions and atmospheric pathways for the chemical constituents reaching the Summit will be identified; 2) Incorporation of these species into precipitation at the Summit will be investigated, in order to determine the mechanisms and rates of deposition during snowstorms; and 3) Changes in the chemical composition of the icesheet will be quantified. These objectives will be achieved by a multicomponent program that incorporates field work, laboratory analyses, and computer modelling. This award will support collaboration between US and French researchers for the purpose of carrying out laboratory work, data interpretation and joint publications related to the above projects. This effort will benefit from the complementary expertise of the US and French teams in the geochemistry of gases and aerosols, of tracers of natural and anthropogenic emissions and of transport and deposition mechanisms. The results of this research are expected to improve greatly the ability of the scientific community to retrieve information from deep ice.