Hormone - Behavior Adaptations for Breeding at High Latitudes

激素 - 高纬度地区繁殖的行为适应

• 批准号: 9023834
• 负责人: John Wingfield
• 金额: $ 23.14万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-01 至 1993-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9023834&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hormone; Behavior; Adaptations; Breeding; Latitudes

Little is understood of how environmental and social factors, particularly territorial aggression, affect the breeding of migratory arctic birds. Relationships between reproduction and environmental induced stress, where they play an important adaptive role, are virtually unknown in high latitude species. Many species arrive in the arctic,establish territories and eventually feed their nestlings in a fraction of the time for temperate birds. Adherence to this rigorous schedule, pairs must ignore environmental conditions that would normally inhibit or delay breeding at temperate latitudes. Dr. Wingfield proposes that these constraints have been met by adaptations of the endocrine system in arctic birds. This study proposes to continue examining the relationship between two potentially antagonistic hormones: corticosterone, which directs behavior away from reproductive activities and towards survival activities and testosterone, which mediates the aggressive behavior associated with territoriality. In both hormone-behavior systems, Dr. Wingfield suggests that the endocrine responses of arctic-nesting birds will show decrease sensitivity to environmental stimuli, allowing more prolonged opportunities to breed. The endocrine adaptations to be investigated in this research program may elucidate physiological mechanisms by which polar animals avoid delays and/or conflicting behaviors which might reduce their chances for successful reproduction.

很少有人知道环境和社会 各种因素，特别是领土侵略， 北极候鸟的繁殖。 之间的关系 繁殖和环境引起的压力，在那里他们发挥作用， 重要适应作用，在高纬度地区几乎是未知的 物种 许多物种到达北极建立领地 并最终在很短的时间内喂饱它们的雏鸟 温带鸟类 遵守这个严格的时间表，对必须 忽略通常会抑制或 在温带地区推迟繁殖。 温菲尔德博士提出， 这些限制已经通过内分泌系统的适应性来满足， 北极鸟类系统 这项研究建议继续 研究两个潜在的 拮抗激素：皮质酮， 行为远离生殖活动， 生存活动和睾酮，它介导了 与领土相关的攻击性行为。 无论是 温菲尔德博士认为， 北极筑巢鸟类的内分泌反应将显示 降低对环境刺激的敏感性， 延长了繁殖的机会 内分泌适应 在这项研究计划中进行调查可能会阐明 极地动物避免延迟的生理机制 和/或冲突的行为，这可能会减少他们的 成功繁殖的机会。