Prediction of Soil Liquefaction in Centrifuge Model Tests

这一行动是对美国国家科学基金会宣布的第91-55号计划：“VELACS(离心机研究液化分析验证)项目的‘A级’预测阶段”的回应。VELACS是美国国家科学基金会资助的一项协调研究，旨在研究模拟地震荷载对各种模型岩土结构的影响，如土坝和路堤，以调查液化导致破坏的机制，并获取用于验证液化问题的各种分析程序的数据。这些实验是在加州理工学院、加州大学戴维斯分校、科罗拉多大学博尔德分校、伦斯勒理工学院、普林斯顿大学和英国剑桥大学的土工离心机上进行的。VELACS项目的“A级”预测阶段包括在进行实验之前进行分析/计算预测；然后进行实验，并将测量结果与预测结果进行比较。“A类”预测类似于医学研究中的“单盲”研究。计划于1993年9月在加州大学戴维斯分校举行的研讨会将把预测与实验结果进行比较，并将就所使用的分析/计算方法的有效性得出结论。来自世界各地的16个研究小组(美国9个；加拿大1个；日本3个；英国3个)都在参加这次预测演习。科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的这项研究正在检验计算机程序SOFIA(土-液相互作用分析)和LIQCA(液化耦合分析)对液化分析的有效性。

This action is in response to the NSF Announcement of Program Initiative No. 91-55: "The 'Class A' Prediction Phase of the VELACS (Verification of Liquefaction Analysis by Centrifuge Studies) Project". VELACS is an NSF-funded coordinated study of the effect of simulated earthquake loading on a variety of model geotechnical structures, such as earth dams and embankments, in order to investigate the mechanisms of liquefaction-induced failure, and to acquire data for the verification of the various analysis procedures for the liquefaction problem. The experiments are run on the geotechnical centrifuges at the California Institute of Technology, University of California at Davis, University of Colorado at Boulder, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Princeton University and Cambridge University, England. The "Class A" prediction phase of the VELACS project involves making analytical/computational predictions before the experiments are performed; then the experiments are run, and the measured results compared with the predictions. "Class A" predictions are analogous to "single-blind" studies in medical research. A workshop, scheduled to be held at the University of California, Davis, in September, 1993, will compare the predictions to the experimental results, and conclusions will be drawn regarding the effectiveness of the analytical/computational methods used. Sixteen research groups from around the world (nine in the U.S.; one in Canada; three in Japan; and three in the U.K.) are participating in this prediction exercise. This study at the University of Colorado, Boulder, is examining the effectiveness of the computer codes SOFIA (Soil-Fluid Interaction Analysis) and LIQCA (Coupled Analysis of Liquefaction) for liquefaction analysis.