Local Irrigation and the State: Spain and Peru

当地灌溉和国家：西班牙和秘鲁

• 批准号: 9122134
• 负责人: David Guillet
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Catholic University of America
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-04-01 至 1995-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9122134&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Local; Irrigation; State; Spain; Peru

This project supports the research of a cultural anthropologist studying small-scale irrigation systems in Spain. The project will study systems in the mountains and in the lowlands of Spain, to compare with a previous study of a highland and lowland irrigation system in Peru. Using a methodology borrowed from "expert system" computer models, the project will create a model of small-scale irrigation system management. Built from specific cases of conflict and management decisions, the model will reveal the underlying values and constraints operating on this case. The model will then be compared with that fitting the Peruvian irrigation systems, in order to separate the influences attributable to altitude from those attributable to cultural history. This research is important because small scale irrigation systems are natural models of resource management that have usually worked over periods of time. In a world where there is current concern about global conservation and environmental degradation, this sort of case study of a naturally evolved management system can yield valuable insights to help planners design management systems for other resource domains.

该项目支持一位文化人类学家对西班牙小规模灌溉系统的研究。该项目将研究西班牙山区和低地的灌溉系统，与先前对秘鲁高地和低地灌溉系统的研究进行比较。利用借鉴“专家系统”计算机模型的方法，该项目将创建一个小规模灌溉系统管理模型。从冲突和管理决策的具体案例中构建，该模型将揭示在该案例中操作的潜在价值和约束。然后将该模型与拟合秘鲁灌溉系统的模型进行比较，以便将归因于海拔的影响与归因于文化历史的影响分开。这项研究很重要，因为小规模灌溉系统是资源管理的自然模式，通常在一段时间内起作用。在当前关注全球保护和环境退化的世界中，这种对自然发展的管理系统的案例研究可以产生有价值的见解，以帮助规划者为其他资源领域设计管理系统。